Panasonic AG-HMC150 Panduan Pengguna - Halaman 33

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into 24p by the editing software. is can be tricky,

so consult with your teacher before shooting 24pA.

Rack focus. To change the focus of a lens during a

shot in order to call attention to a speci c object or

person. Also called a shift focus or focus pull.

RAW. An image format that consists of the raw image

data collected from an image sensor with little or no

additional processing. Requires processing in post

production for use as an image with proper color

rendition and tonal response. D-SLR cameras

typically oﬀer a RAW mode, and the Red digital

cinema camera provides the equivalent of RAW

images, unlike standard video cameras that record

raw data oﬀ the image sensor but then throw away a

substantial amount of image information in the

conversion to a standard video format.

Resolution. e amount of detail in an image.

Higher resolution equals more detail. Also used to

describe the size of an image, usually in pixels, e.g. a

full high de nition video frame consists of 1920 x

1080 pixels, but may also be 1280x720. Standard

de nition is 720 x 480.

Resolution independent. A term to describe

equipment or software that can work in more than

resolution. Some equipment and software work with

only certain video resolutions, but many newer pieces

of equipment and software are resolution

independent (e.g. Final Cut Pro is able to work at

various resolutions including standard de nition

video, high de nition video, and digital lm, e.g.

2K).

Reverse angle, (R/A). A shot where the camera is

placed opposite its position in the previous shot,

"reversing" its view of the scene.

RGB. Red, Green, Blue. e primary colors of light.

Computers, video cameras, scanners, and similar

devices typically process images using separate red,

green, and blue color channels. For example, a three

CCD cameras has a CCD sensors for each primary.

S-Video. A consumer version of component video

that separates the luminance and chrominance of the

video signal to maintain a higher quality picture

compared to composite video.

Sampling frequency. e number of sample

measurements taken from an analog signal in a given

period of time. ese samples are then converted into

numerical values stored in bytes to create the digital

signal.

SD (Secure Digital) is a solid-state memory card

format use in many of the new generation of tapeless

Introduction to the Panasonic AG-HMC150 AVCHD camcorder (rough draft)

cameras. Standard SD cards have a maximum of 4

GB capacity, and high-capacity (SDHC) cards have a

higher limit of 32 GB.

SDTV (also SD). Standard De nition Television. e

new HDTV standards call for a range of diﬀerent

resolutions. ose that are higher than today's NTSC

are considered HDTV. e ones that are comparable

to NTSC are considered SDTV. Because SDTV is

component and digital it is of higher quality than

NTSC.

Selective focus. See rack focus.

Set-up. e positioning of the camera and lights for

a speci c shot.

Shift focus. See rack focus.

Shooting ratio. e amount of video footage shot

compared to the length of the lm's nal cut.

Shot. A single, continuous run of the camera. e

images recorded by the camera from the time the

camera starts until the time it stops.

Shutter. 1. e mechanical device on a motion

picture camera that shields the lm from light at the

aperture during lming. Some shutters have a

variable angle adjustment allowing the camera

operator to vary the exposure time. e smaller the

shutter angle, the crisper the image and the more

"strobe like" its appearance. Used to good eﬀect in

Saving Private Ryan. Lowering the frame rate of a

lm camera and step printing provides an eﬀect very

similar to show shutter on a video camera, in which

the image update happens less often than 24 times

per second and each frame exhibits motion blur. 2.

On a video camera an electronic device that varies the

eﬀective shutter speed of the camera. Fast shutter

provides crisp frames and the more "strobe like" its

appearance. Slow shutter increases motion blur

providing an eﬀect very similar to lowering the frame

rate and step printing, in other words, a single image

is translated to multiple frames, with the appearance

of motion blur when the camera moves. You have to

experiment with the slow shutter of your video

camera and see the eﬀect for yourself.

Slow motion. Shots photographed faster than the

standard recording speed so that the action on the

screen appears to move slower than normal when

shown at standard speed. See fast motion.

Smash zoom. A fast jarring zoom into a speci c

detail or object in a scene.

Soft focus. Blurring the sharpness of a lm image

with a special lens or a gauze over the lens in order to

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