Dangerous Music 2Bus LT Benutzerhandbuch - Seite 5

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Calibration

The following sections provide a more detailed look at some of the aspects of recording

studio setup and trouble-shooting. While it is not absolutely necessary to read the

material we feel that a basic understanding of the principles of calibration, equipment

interface, and grounding issues can go a long way to helping engineers before the going

gets rough. If one encounters inconsistent levels or hum problems in the studio, the

following hints may help in understanding the issues and resolving the problems. These

issues apply to recording gear in general, not just the 2Bus LT.

The Dangerous 2Bus LT comes to you fully calibrated and ready to hook up. In order to

enjoy the full benefits of a 2Bus LT system, the D/As used with it should be aligned. This

can be done with the aid of a Voltmeter (VU meter in a compressor or other piece of gear

on hand) and the digital oscillator found as a plug-in in most DAW systems. While it is

not necessary to align the system, better and more consistent mix results will be obtained

if this is done. There are two analog operating levels that most digital recording systems

have converged upon depending on whether the situation is for recording or mastering.

The difference between the two worlds is whether the maximum electrical stress is

imposed by amplitude limiting (recording) or slew-rate limiting (mastering).

Professional recording systems in the US have historically used the VU meter for

system alignment and level monitoring, so naturally, with many years of precedent, there

are holdovers today from that system (derived from the telephone and broadcast

industries). The standard of '0VU' comes from the Bell Telephone engineers needing a

convenient way to measure signal levels in phone lines and switching systems. 600 ohm

balanced lines were the norm and 1 milliwatt of energy was a pertinent amount of juice

moving through phone circuits. A 'building out' resistor was added to the VU meter to

avoid loading the audio circuit down and the reference level cranked back up so the meter

read '0VU'. The resulting standard level wound up at +4dBu, or roughly 1.23 volts AC

RMS. This standard has been with us for more than 60 years now the world over and is

the 'reference level' to which most professional audio systems are aligned.

Volts AC

9.76 v

Tilt

6.16 v

Tilt

1.23 v

0 VU +4dBu

Alignment Chart

dBu

dBfs (recording)

+22

0 (full scale)

+18

-4dBfs

-18dBfs

dBfs (mastering)

Tilt

0 (full scale)

-14dBfs

-5-