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With multilayer Cisco Catalyst 2950 Series switches, network managers can implement high levels of console security. Multilevel access security
on the switch console and the Web-based management interface prevent unauthorized users from accessing or altering switch configurations.
TACACS+ or RADIUS authentication enables centralized access control of the switch and restricts unauthorized users from altering the
configuration. Security can be deployed through Cisco Network Assistant Software security wizards, which ease the deployment of security
features that restrict user access to a server, a portion of the network, or access to the network.
Network Control Through Advanced Quality of Service and Rate Limiting
The Cisco Catalyst 2950 Series offers superior, highly granular QoS based on Layer 2 to 4 information, helping to ensure that network traffic is
classified and prioritized, and that congestion is avoided in the best possible manner. Configuration of QoS is greatly simplified through automatic
QoS (auto-QoS), a feature that detects Cisco IP phones and automatically configures the switch for the appropriate classification and egress queuing.
This optimizes traffic prioritization and network availability without the challenge of a complex configuration.
Cisco Catalyst 2950 Series switches can classify, reclassify, police (determine if the packet is in or out of predetermined profiles and affect actions
on the packet), and mark or drop the incoming packets before the packet is placed in the shared buffer. Packet classification allows the network
elements to discriminate between various traffic flows and to enforce policies based on Layer 2 and Layer 3 QoS fields.
To implement QoS, these switches first identify traffic flows, or packet groups, and classify or reclassify these groups using the DiffServ Code
Point (DSCP) field in the IP packet and/or the 802.1p class of service (CoS) field in the Ethernet packet. Classification and reclassification can also
be based on criteria as specific as the source/destination IP address, source/destination MAC address, or the Layer 4 Transmission Control Protocol
(TCP)/User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ports. At the ingress (incoming port) level, the Catalyst switches also perform policing and marking of the
packet.
After the packet goes through classification, policing, and marking, it is assigned to the appropriate queue before exiting the switch. Cisco Catalyst
2950 Series switches support four egress (outgoing port) queues per port, which allows the network administrator to be more discriminating and
specific in assigning priorities for the various applications on the LAN. At the egress level, the switch performs scheduling, which is an algorithm
(process) that determines the order in which the queues are processed. The switches support Weighted Round Robin (WRR) scheduling or strict
priority scheduling. The WRR scheduling algorithm ensures that lower-priority packets are not entirely starved for bandwidth and are serviced
without compromising the priority settings administered by the network manager. Strict priority scheduling ensures that the highest priority packets
will always get serviced ahead of all other traffic, and that the other three queues will be serviced using WRR best effort.
These features allow network administrators to prioritize mission-critical and/or bandwidth-intensive traffic, such as enterprise resource planning
(ERP) (Oracle, SAP, and so on), voice (IP telephony traffic), and CAD/CAM over less time-sensitive applications such as FTP or e-mail (Simple
Mail Transport Protocol [SMTP]). For example, it would be highly undesirable to have a large file download destined to one port on a wiring closet
switch and have quality implications, such as increased latency in voice traffic, destined to another port on this switch. This condition is avoided by
ensuring that voice traffic is properly classified and prioritized throughout the network. Other applications, such as Web browsing, can be treated as
low-priority and handled on a best-effort basis.
Cisco Catalyst 2950 Series switches are capable of allocating bandwidth based on several criteria, including MAC source/destination address,
IP source/destination address, and TCP/UDP port number. Bandwidth allocation is essential in network environments requiring service-level
agreements, or when it is necessary for the network manager to control the bandwidth given to certain users. Cisco Catalyst 2950 Series switches
support up to six policers per Fast Ethernet port and up to 60 policers on a Gigabit Ethernet port. This gives the network administrator granular
control of LAN bandwidth.
Network Availability
To provide efficient use of resources for bandwidth-intensive applications like multicasts, Cisco Catalyst 2950 Series Intelligent Ethernet Switches
support Internet Group Management Protocol Version 3 (IGMPv3) snooping in hardware. Through the support and configuration of IGMP snooping
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