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INSTALLATION
Valves Get Hot
Valve Amplifiers Work at High Voltages
Valves are Microphonic
Interconnects and Cables
Mains Earthing (Grounding)
Place the unit on a stable rigid surface with at least 1m (3ft) of free space above it. If you are using a
turntable, ensure that the tonearm / preamplifier combination is least 400mm away from the amplifier
to minimize any hum conduction and ideally on a separate shelf. If you have to use the turntable and the
amplifier on the same surface, place the turntable to the right of the amplifier to maximize the distance
between the tonearm and the amplifier.
Do not use this amplifier in a confined space or an enclosed cabinet!
Avoid placing the amplifier in front of loudspeakers to avoid vibrations from the speaker drive units causing
microphonics in the amplifier and degrading the sound.
If this is your first valve amplifier: please familiarise yourself with some important issues surrounding
the safe use of your amplifier.
Valve power amplifiers generate a lot of heat even with no input so it is vital to ensure adequate ventilation
for your amplifier.
Although the protective cages over the valves get hot they are very unlikely to cause a burn. For absolute
safety the units should be placed out of the reach of children and pets and away from heat-sensitive objects.
Valves require a high voltage to function. Do not open the case. Also ensure that nothing is poked, dropped
or poured into the amplifier's case.
e environment should be dry and free from litter. Do not place magnetically or thermally sensitive
objects (i.e. credit cards or optical disc) close to the unit.
Because valves are constructed from fine wires and tiny metal parts they can pick up external vibrations. If
you place the power amplifier too close to speakers, direct sound at high volumes may vibrate the valves. 1
meter (3ft) to the side of each speaker should be considered a sensible minimum.
e signal inputs to the ampli er are via RCA phono connectors. As valve equipment works at high
impedances, the phono interconnects from source unit should be well screened and of low-noise, low-
capacitance construction. To minimize capacitance and other e ects, signal interconnectors should be kept
as short as possible.
Choose good quality loudspeaker cable designed for the purpose rather than general purpose 'zip' or 'bell'
inductance or capacitance cables as these can degrade the sound when using a valve output stages.
is ampli er requires connection to an earthed (grounded) mains supply. In your sound system, the
amplifier should be the only device connected to mains ground to negate hum induced by ground loops.
For this reason we suggest that you avoid using interconnectors with separate ground wires. If any of your
other equipment is grounded a 'hum loop' may arise. If this happens please consult your dealer for
advice.
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