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Switching Technology

Another approach to pushing beyond the limits of Ethernet technology

is the development of switching technology. A switch bridge Ethernet

packets at the MAC address level of the Ethernet protocol transmitting

among connected Ethernet or Fast Ethernet LAN segments.

Switching is a cost-effective way of increasing the total network

capacity available to users on a local area network.

A switch

increases capacity and decreases network loading by dividing a local

area network into different segments, which don't compete with each

other for network transmission capacity.

The switch acts as a high-speed selective bridge between the

individual segments. The switch, without interfering with any other

segments, automatically forwards traffic that needs to go from one

segment to another.

By doing this the total network capacity is

multiplied, while still maintaining the same network cabling and

adapter cards.

For Fast Ethernet networks, a switch is an effective way of eliminating

problems of chaining hubs beyond the "two-repeater limit." A switch

can be used to split parts of the network into different collision

domains, making it possible to expand your Fast Ethernet network

beyond the 205-meter network diameter limit for 100BASE-TX

networks. Switches supporting both traditional 10Mbps Ethernet and

100Mbps Fast Ethernet are also ideal for bridging between the

existing 10Mbps networks and the new 100Mbps networks.

Switching LAN technology is a marked improvement over the

previous generation of network bridges, which were characterized by

higher latencies. Routers have also been used to segment local area

networks, but the cost of a router, the setup and maintenance required

make routers relatively impractical.

Today switches are an ideal