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Putting the Pieces Together
Advanced 3ware RAID Features and Performance Architecture
storswitch
maximizes controller throughput — StorSwitch is a unique non-blocking switch
™
fabric architecture that allows 3ware controllers to concurrently communicate to all attached SATA
drives through a pool of 32 direct memory access (DMA) channels for unparalleled performance
and data availability. The result is superior overall system performance compared to non-scalable
hub-based systems that share the bandwidth of a single DMA channel.
storsave optimizes data protection and performance — StorSaves's revolutionary combination
of powerful reliability enhancements and a battery backup unit (BBU) maximize data protection
and system reliability without sacrificing controller performance. StorSave permits 3ware controllers
to use both controller cache and disk cache during SATA RAID operations. This strengthens array
performance during optimal usage, as well as during degraded RAID 5 and RAID 6 operations which
Host Data
means faster rebuild times. StorSave Profiles allow user-specified levels of protection vs. performance
(9690SA, 9650SE, 9590SE and 9550SXU only).
streamfusion maximizes application performance under multiple loads — An intelligent
Disk #1
Disk #2
Disk #3
cache algorithm dynamically optimizes RAID 5 and RAID 6 disk accesses and efficiently manages
P1 Parity
Q1 Parity
Block 1
data through controller cache for guaranteed bandwidth. As the number of data streams increases,
Block 4
P2 Parity
Q2 Parity
the total bandwidth is divided equally among them. Application performance will not suffer
Host Data
during heavy traffic or when multiple applications are accessing data simultaneously. 3ware RAID
Block 7
Block 8
P3 Parity
controllers are not the performance bottleneck, as is often the case with software RAID and
Block 10
Block 11
Block 12
other hardware RAID controllers.
Striped Data with Distributed Double Parity — RAID 6
Disk #1
Disk #2
Disk #3
Disk #4
P1 Parity
Q1 Parity
Block 1
Block 2
Block 4
P2 Parity
Q2 Parity
Block 5
Common RAID levels
Block 7
Block 8
P3 Parity
Q3 Parity
Block 10
Block 11
Block 12
P4 Parity
RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 and JBOD
Striped Data with Distributed Double Parity — RAID 6
RAID 0 "Striping"
A
B
E
F
I
J
M
N
RAID 0 "Striping"
RAID 5 "Rotational Parity"
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
A 0
B 0
I
J
K
L
A1
B1
1 Parity
M
N
O
ETC. . .
A2
2 Parity
B3
3 Parity
Hardware vs. Software RAID
All AMCC 3ware RAID controllers incorporate onboard processors to deliver true hardware RAID. Software RAID schemes use the system's
processor, exploit host memory, compromise reliability and potentially rob the system of as much as 60% of its CPU cycles just to process
RAID calculations.
RAID 1 "Mirroring"
A
A
1
Disk #1
P1 Parity
Block 4
Block 7
Block 10
Host Data
Disk #1
Disk #2
Disk #3
Disk #4
P1 Parity
Q1 Parity
Block 1
Block 2
Disk #4
Disk #5
Block 4
P2 Parity
Q2 Parity
Block 5
Block 7
Block 8
P3 Parity
Q3 Parity
Block 2
Block 3
Block 10
Block 11
Block 12
P4 Parity
Block 5
Block 6
Q3 Parity
Block 9
Striped Data with Distributed Double Parity — RAID 6
P4 Parity
Q4 Parity
Disk #5
Block 3
Block 6
Block 9
Q4 Parity
RAID 0 "Striping"
A
B
C
E
F
G
• Applications requiring high bandwidth
I
J
K
C
D
performance but no fault tolerance
M
N
O
G
H
• Video production/editing
K
L
• Pre-press applications
O
ETC. . .
A
• Most versatile RAID level providing performance,
B
fault tolerance and storage efficiency
C 0
0
Parity
C
• Video production/editing
D1
• File and applications servers
D
C2
D2
• Database servers
D3
C3
• Email servers
SATA Disk
• News servers
SATA Disk
• Internet/Intranet
SATA Disk
SATA Disk
RAID 10 "Striped Mirror"
Mirror
D1
D1
1
Host Data
Disk #2
Disk #3
Disk #4
Disk #5
Q1 Parity
Block 1
Block 2
Block 3
P2 Parity
Q2 Parity
Block 5
Block 6
Block 8
P3 Parity
Q3 Parity
Block 9
Block 11
Block 12
P4 Parity
Q4 Parity
Striped Data with Distributed Double Parity — RAID 6
RAID 0 "Striping"
Disk #5
A
B
C
D
Block 3
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
Block 6
RAID 5 "Rotational Parity"
M
N
O
ETC. . .
Block 9
Q4 Parity
A 0
B 0
C 0
A1
B1
1 Parity
A2
C2
2 Parity
B3
C3
3 Parity
RAID 5 "Rotational Parity"
A 0
B 0
C 0
0
Parity
A1
B1
D1
1 Parity
A2
C2
D2
2 Parity
D3
B3
C3
3 Parity
RAID 1 "Mirroring"
D
H
L
A
A
1
=
ETC. . .
B
B
1
C
C
1
D
1
D
RAID 1 "Mirroring"
A
1
Stripe
=
B
1
C
1
D
1
JBOD = Just a Bunch of Disks
JBOD refers to an unconfigured disk attached to a RAID controller
• No fault tolerance
StreamFusion Performance
vs. Competition
120
100
StreamFusion in Action
80
RAID 5 "Rotational Parity"
60
A 0
B 0
C 0
40
A1
B1
1 Parity
20
A2
C2
2 Parity
0
B3
C3
3 Parity
1
2
4
# Streams
StreamFusion assures scalable high performance
Iometer 2004.07.30dual Xeon 2.6 Ghz/1GB system/WinXP SP2/HDS7222525VLSA80/fw
V36OA60A/64KB stripes/RAID 5/all other settings at default
• Protects drive and controller cached writes in the event of a power loss
• Uses controller and drive write cache in all modes
RAID 1 "Mirroring"
• Dual caching for faster rebuild times
RAID 5 "Rotational Parity"
A
A
1
StreamFusion Performance vs. Competition
Stripe
B
=
B
1
120
C
C
1
100
A 0
B 0
C 0
0
Parity
StreamFusion in Action
D
1
D
80
A1
B1
D1
1 Parity
60
A2
C2
D2
2 Parity
0
Parity
40
20
D3
B3
C3
3 Parity
D1
0
D2
1
2
4
# Streams
StreamFusion assures scalable high performance
D3
Iometer 2004.07.30dual Xeon 2.6 Ghz/1GB system/WinXP SP2/HDS7222525VLSA80/fw
SATA Disk
V36OA60A/64KB stripes/RAID 5/all other settings at default
SATA Disk
SATA Disk
SATA Disk
RAID 1 "Mirroring"
RAID 10 "Striped Mirror"
• Provides fault tolerance and a read speed
SATA Disk
Mirror
advantage over non-RAID disks
A
A
1
Stripe
• Applications requiring high availability
SATA Disk
B
=
B
1
• Accounting
D1
D1
1
SATA Disk
C
C
1
• Payroll
Drive 0
Drive 1
Stripe
D
1
D
SATA Disk
• Financial
1
D2
D2
Drive 2
Drive 3
RAID 10 "Striped Mirror"
Mirror
• Data is first mirrored, then striped across across
the drives to provide double drive failure
protection without the parity calculation
D1
D1
1
performance penalty of RAID 5 and RAID 6.
Drive 0
Drive 1
The mirror provides the redundancy.
1
D2
D2
• Ability to recover from a drive failure in either
mirrored set
Drive 2
Drive 3
Hard
Drive
Up to
1.5 Gb/sec
per port
Hard
Drive
Hard
Drive
Hard
Drive
Advanced
StorSwitch
Architecture
3ware SATA Hardware
RAID Controller
AMCC
Competition 1
Competition 2
0
Parity
D1
D2
I/O
D3
8
16
SATA Disk
I/O
SATA Disk
I/O
SATA Disk
I/O
SATA Disk
RAID 10 "Striped Mirror"
Mirror
1
D1
D1
Drive 0
Drive 1
D2
D2
1
Drive 2
Drive 3
AMCC
Competition 1
Competition 2
SATA Disk
8
16
SATA Disk
SATA Disk
SATA Disk
RAID 10 "Striped Mirror"
Mirror
D1
D1
1
Drive 0
Drive 1
D2
D2
1
Drive 2
Drive 3
9