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The areas on the hard disk that stored the deleted file's data are marked as free and

available for reuse, and may over time be overwritten by other data as other files are

created and written to the hard disk. The deleted file's data, however, is still present

for an unpredictable amount of time after the file is deleted. Depending on the amount

of hard disk activity, this data may remain on the hard disk for a considerable period

of time.

By using special software and techniques, it is sometimes possible to read the data of

a deleted file from a hard disk, if it has not been overwritten by the data of other files.

This creates the possibility that an unauthorized person with the proper technical

knowledge could recover data from a sensitive file, even though the file has been

deleted.

On Xerox Phaser printers, the format of stored print jobs, discovered network

printers, and job accounting data on the printer's disk is in a proprietary, unpublished

binary format. While this would prevent casual interpretation of the data, a person

with sufficient technical skills would probably be able to reverse-engineer the

structure and format of these files and interpret the data.

To address these security concerns, Xerox Phaser printers now support a Hard Drive

Overwrite Security software feature. This feature obliterates the data stored on the

hard disk of a file marked for deletion, before the file's directory entry is removed

and its storage space on the hard disk is marked as available for reuse.

The obliteration of the data is accomplished by overwriting the entire area of the hard

disk that stores the data of the file to be deleted with a pattern of all 'zero' bits, then

all 'one' bits, then with a random pattern of bits.

This technique is described in the United States government industrial security

standard DoD 5200.28-M. This standard can be viewed at:

https://rimr.tatrc.org/DoD1.html

. Xerox Phaser printers that support Hard Drive

Overwrite Security fully comply with this standard.

The Hard Drive Overwrite Security feature is not enabled by default. It can be

enabled from the printer's front panel or from within the printer's CentreWare IS

internal web server; see section 5 of this document for details on configuring security

features.

When the Hard Drive Overwrite Security option is enabled, the system command to

delete files in the printer's operating system moves the files to be deleted from the

printer's internal hard disk into a special directory, where they are processed by a

background task on the printer. This background task performs the Hard Drive

Overwrite Security process as described above, and then deletes the file directory

entry. This software design, by using a temporary folder, insures that the Hard Drive

Overwrite Security process will take place for every file, even if the printer is

restarted while the Hard Drive Overwrite Security is processing files.

When Hard Drive Overwrite Security is enabled, all files deleted from the printer's

internal hard disk will be overwritten, regardless of the printer software controls or

commands that deleted it or what type of file it is. There are no exceptions to this

rule.