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Autofocus Speedlight
SB-22s
Instruction Manual
E
T1F1000601(S855)11
Foreword
Congratulations. You are now the proud owner of the Nikon Autofocus Speedlight
SB-22s, a flash unit offering compact design and easy operation. With a powerful flash
output (GN 28 at ISO 100, m), the SB-22s can be used not only for shooting in dimly lit
interiors or outside at night, but for daylight fill-in flash. The SB-22s features three flash
modes: TTL Auto, Non-TTL Auto, and Manual. In the Non-TTL Auto mode, you have a
choice of four shooting apertures at A1, A2, A3 and A4. Other advanced flash
capabilities include Bounce, Close-up, and Multiple Flash. To get the most out of your
new flash unit, please read this manual before use.
Make some test shots
●
Before taking important flash photographs, make some test shots to ascertain the
SB-22s is working properly.
Use only Nikon-approved equipment
●
The SB-22s is designed for use with Nikon cameras, lenses, and accessories.
−Using cameras or accessories other than those specified by Nikon may damage
the SB-22s.
−Nikon cannot be held responsible for malfunctions caused by using the SB-22s in
ways not specified in this manual, or using the SB-22s with a camera made by
another manufacturer.
Speedlight parts
Note: Setting positions and scales shown on the aperture/shooting distance
range panel below may differ from those in actual operation.
6
1
7
8
2
3
4
9
5
10
13
14
11
12
SPEEDLIGHT SB-22s
24
15
M TTL
A
4
A4
16
5.
6
A3
8
17
A2
11
4
ISO
16
200
A1
5.
6
22
18
400
8
32
800
11
16
19
22
32
25
20
m
0.6
0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7 10
21
ft
2
3 4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
mm
N
35
26
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
BOUNCE
READY
22
27
GN(ISO100) 28(m)／92(ft)
JAPAN
23
28
1
Battery chamber lid indices
15 Flash mode indicator LED
2
Bounce angle indicators
16 Flash mode selector
3
Battery chamber lid
17 Film speed (ISO) scale
4
Mounting foot lock nut
18 Film speed (ISO) selector
5
Mounting foot
19 Film speed (ISO) index
6
Flash head
20 Aperture scale (for non-TTL mode)
7
AF assist illuminator LED window
21 Aperture scale
8
Light sensor for non-TTL auto flash
22 BOUNCE indicator LED
operation
23 POWER switch
9
Mount pin (for cameras featuring a safety
24 Flash shooting distance range
lock system)
indicators
10 Hot-shoe contacts
25 Distance scale (meters/feet)
11 Wide flash adapter lock release button
26 Angle of coverage (N-35mm/W-28mm)
12 Sync/multiple flash terminal
index windows
13 Built-in wide flash adapter
27 Ready-light
14 Aperture/shooting distance range panel
28 FLASH button
No reproduction in any form of this manual, in whole or in part (except for brief quotation in critical
articles or reviews), may be made without written authorization from NIKON CORPORATION.
NIKON CORPORATION
FUJI BLDG., 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 100-8331, JAPAN
Printed in Japan
Preparation
1
Set the SB-22s's POWER switch to OFF, then slide down the battery
chamber lid in the direction of the arrow and lift it off.
11
16
22
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
mm
N
35
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
BOUNCE
READY
GN(ISO100) 28(m)／92(ft)
JAPAN
2
Install four penlight batteries following the + and - symbols inside the
chamber. Reattach the battery chamber lid by aligning the indices on the
lid and flash unit and sliding it up as far as it will go.
Four penlight batteries of any of the following types may be used:
●
① AA-type zinc-carbon ② AA-type alkaline-manganese ③ AA-type NiCd
(rechargeable) ④ AA-type Ni-MH (Nickel-Metal Hydride) (rechargeable)
⑤ AA-type (1.5V) lithium
For more information on batteries, refer to "Notes on Batteries."
CAUTION
When replacing batteries, replace all four batteries at the same time, do not mix
●
battery types or brands, do not use old with new batteries, and never reverse
the polarity of the batteries when installing. Otherwise, the batteries may catch
on fire or explode, due to the possible leakage of corrosive liquids.
●
In the event that corrosive liquids do seep from the batteries, avoid touching the
liquids. Certain types of batteries contain strong alkaline liquids. If the alkaline
liquids stick to your skin or clothes, wash immediately with running water.
3
Loosen the SB-22s's mounting foot lock nut ①. Slide the SB-22s into the
camera's accessory shoe ② and tighten the lock nut ③.
4
Set the SB-22s's POWER switch to ON or STBY (standby) position.
If both the SB-22s and camera are not used
11
●
16
for after approx. 80 seconds, the SB-22s shuts
22
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
off automatically and the ready-light goes out
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
mm
N
35
to conserve battery power. This is called the
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
BOUNCE
READY
standby function. To turn the SB-22s on again
GN(ISO100) 28(m)／92(ft)
JAPAN
after it enters the standby mode, you can
lightly press the shutter release button or
press the FLASH button once.
Ready-light comes on.
NOTE
Do not use the standby function:
If the SB-22s is mounted on Nikon F3-series, New FM2, FM10 or FE10 cameras.
●
If the SB-22s is mounted on Nikon FA or FE2 cameras and the shutter speed is
●
set to M250 or B (bulb).
If the SB-22s is mounted on Nikon FG or Nikonos V cameras and the shutter
●
speed is set to M90 or B (bulb).
If the SB-22s is mounted on a Nikonos V with an optional sync cord for land use
●
connected and the shutter speed is set to M90 or B (bulb).
If the SB-22s is mounted on a Nikon FM3
camera and the shutter speed is set
●
A
to B (bulb).
The standby function does not work:
If the SB-22s is mounted on Nikon FA or FE2 cameras with Motor Drive MD-12
●
attached and Remote Code MC-4A (or MC-10) is connected.
5
Adjust the flash head to the front position.
11
16
22
90
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
N
35
mm
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
BOUNCE
READY
GN(ISO100) 28(m)／92(ft)
JAPAN
90
-7
The BOUNCE indicator LED blinks when the flash head is tilted down to the -7˚ or
●
tilted up. Make sure the LED is not blinking. For more details, refer to "Bounce Flash."
The SB-22s comes with a wide flash adapter to increase the angle of coverage to
●
match a 28mm focal length lens. Refer to "Setting the Built-In Wide Flash Adapter."
When no wide flash adapter is set, the SB-22s provides an angle of coverage to
match a 35mm or longer focal length lens.
6
Slide the film speed (ISO) selector to align film speed (ISO) in use with the
film speed (ISO) index.
For example, if you're using ISO 100 film, align
●
M TTL
A
100 with the film speed (ISO) index.
Operations explained in this manual are based
●
ISO
2
on the assumption that the correct film speed is
50
2.
8
100
4
set on the SB-22s, which is necessary for
200
5.
6
checking the flash shooting distance range and
8
11
16
aperture values on the aperture/shooting
22
distance range panel. However, because there
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
is no electrical connection between the ISO
N
35
mm
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
selector and the flash unit circuitry, flash firing
and flash output will not be affected, even if the ISO scale is accidentally
changed by moving the film speed (ISO) selector.
7
Preparation is complete.
Now, refer to the following available flash modes:
TTL Auto Flash TTL mode
●
●
Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode
Manual M mode
●
●
Or other advanced flash techniques on the reverse side of this sheet
The ready-light
11
Lights up :
Indicates the SB-22s is recycled
16
22
and ready to fire.
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
Blinks :
In TTL or Non-TTL Auto flash mode, if
N
35
mm
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
the ready-light blinks for approx. 3
BOUNCE
READY
seconds after shooting, this indicates
GN(ISO100) 28(m)／92(ft)
JAPAN
the light may have been insufficient
for correct exposure. In this case, use
a wider aperture (smaller f-number)
or move closer to the subject.
Refer to the following table to determine if your batteries should be replaced
●
or recharged. (For more information, see "Notes on Batteries.")
Type of batteries installed
Ready-light takes
Remedy
Zinc-carbon
More than 30 seconds to
Alkaline-manganese
light up.
Replace batteries.
More than 10 seconds to
Lithium
light up.
NiCd (rechargeable)
Recharge batteries.
Ni-MH (rechargeable)
TTL Auto Flash t Mode
The built-in TTL auto flash sensor in cameras so equipped measures the illumination
provided by the SB-22s that is reflected back from the subject. This measurement is made
through-the-lens and when the light is sufficient to ensure proper exposure, the camera
sends a signal to the SB-22s to stop firing. TTL Auto Flash TTL mode* provides simple
and effective flash operation, recommended for users with little experience with flash.
Cameras usable in the TTL Auto Flash mode
F5
F4-Series
F100
F90X/N90s
F90-Series/N90
F80-Series/N80-Series
*1
*1
*1
F70-Series/N70
*1
F65-Series/N65-Series
*1
F60-Series/N60
*1
F50-Series/N50
*1
F-801s/N8008s
*1
F-801/N8008
*1
F-601/N6006
F-601
/N6000
F-501/N2020
F-401x/N5005
F-401s/N4004s
F-401/N4004
*1
M
*1
*2
*1
*1
*1
F-301/N2000
*2
FM3
A
FA
FE2
FG
Pronea 600i/6i
*1
Nikonos V
*1 Sold exclusively in the USA. *2 Sold exclusively in the USA and Canada.
• TTL Auto Flash TTL mode is not possible with Nikon F3-Series except with the AS-17 attached, New FM2,
FM10, FE10 and D1 Series cameras. Use the Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode or Manual M Flash mode instead.
• If camera's ready-light LED keeps blinking, the camera is not ready for TTL Auto Flash mode. Confirm that
the shutter speed is not set to M250, M90, or B).
* Depending on the Nikon camera and lens, or finder in use, either one of the following TTL flash
operations is possible: Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash, Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash, Center-Weighted Fill-
Flash/Spot Fill-Flash, Programmed TTL Auto Flash, or Standard TTL Flash. For more details on TTL flash
operation, refer to your camera's instruction manual. 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash is not possible,
because the SB-22s has no Monitor Preflash function.
1
Set the flash mode selector on the SB-22s to TTL.
SPEEDLIGHT SB-22s
M TTL
2
A
Set your camera. (Refer to your camera
instruction manual for details.)
ISO
2
●
Set your camera's exposure mode to Programmed
50
2.
8
auto (P), Aperture-priority auto (A), or Manual (M) mode.
100
4
200
5.
6
(Shutter-priority auto (S) mode is not recommended,
8
because setting an appropriate aperture to match the
11
16
shooting distance is difficult.)
22
Set your camera's metering system to Matrix Metering,
m
●
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
Center-Weighted Metering, or Spot Metering.
N
35
mm
The shutter speed is automatically set to the flash
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
●
BOUNCE
READY
sync speed. (Or you can intentionally set the shutter
GN(ISO100) 28(m) ／92(ft)
JAPAN
speed to one slower than the flash sync speed.)
Because the SB-22s features the same TTL flash operations as those of the
●
SB-15 and SB-22, refer to those items corresponding to SB-15 or SB-22 in the
flash photography section of your camera's instruction manual, if the SB-22s is
not listed.
3
Wait for the ready-light to come on and make sure the subject is in focus
before taking the picture.
If the ready-light blinks for approx. 3 seconds after shooting, this indicates the light may
●
have been insufficient for correct exposure. In this case, use a wider aperture (smaller
f-number) or move closer to the subject. You can also check if the subject will receive
the correct exposure by test firing the SB-22s. Refer to "Checking the Correct Exposure."
Checking the Correct Exposure
Determining an appropriate flash shooting distance range
in the TTL Auto Flash "TTL" mode
1
Check the aperture set on the camera or lens.
In the TTL Auto Flash mode, you can set any
●
SPEEDLIGHT SB-22s
aperture value on the camera or lens
M TTL
A
aperture ring.
2
Check the shooting distance range
2
ISO
50
2.
8
represented by the flash shooting distance
100
4
200
5.
6
range indicator which matches the f-number
8
11
in the aperture scale window.
16
22
●
For example, selecting f/4 lets you get the
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
flash shooting distance range from 0.9m to
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
mm
N
35
7.0m (3 ft. to 23 ft.) with angle of coverage at
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
BOUNCE
READY
N-35mm and a film speed of ISO 100.
In this case, underexposure may occur when
GN(ISO100) 28(m)／ 92(ft)
JAPAN
the subject is more than 7.0 m (23 ft.) away.
For other shooting distance ranges, apertures, and ISO film speeds, refer to
●
the table below.
Determining an appropriate flash shooting distance range
and apertures in the Non-TTL Auto Flash "A" mode
1
Determine the shooting distance.
SPEEDLIGHT SB-22s
2
Follow the appropriate vertical line upward
M TTL
A
from the shooting distance on the distance
scale until it meets one of the flash
ISO
2
50
2.
shooting distance range indicators. Then
8
100
4
200
follow the flash shooting distance range
5.
6
8
indicator horizontally and you will find the
11
16
appropriate apertures.
22
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
●
In Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode, you can
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
N
35
mm
select A1, A2, A3, or A4 only.
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
BOUNCE
READY
●
For example, when shooting a subject located
at 5m (16.4 ft.) with the angle of coverage at
JAPAN
GN(ISO100) 28(m) ／92(ft)
N-35mm and a film speed of ISO 100, the
available apertures are f/2.8, f/4 or f/5.6. Selecting f/2.8 lets you take pictures of
subjects approx. 1.3m to 10.0m (4.3 ft. to 32.8 ft.) away from the SB-22s. If you
choose f/4, you can take pictures of subjects approx. 0.9m to 7.0m (3 ft. to 23 ft.)
Underexposure may occur when the subject is more than 10m (32.8 ft.) away
when f/2.8 is selected, or more than 7m (23 ft.) away when f/4 is selected.
For other shooting distance ranges, apertures, and ISO film speeds, refer to
●
the table below.
Available apertures possible at A1 to A4 vary according to the setting of the film
●
speed (ISO) scale. Correct exposures cannot be obtained if the same aperture as
indicated by the illuminated f-number is not set on your camera or lens aperture ring.
Usable apertures with corresponding flash shooting distance ranges
Flash mode
Shooting distance range
selector in
ISO film speed
Unit: m (ft)
A mode
800
―
25
50
100
200
400
1600
2
N-35mm
W-28mm
1
(1000
)
―
―
―
―
1.4
2
2.8
4
3.2 - 20.0
2.2 - 17.0
(10.5 - 65.6)
(7.2 - 55.8)
2.2 - 17.0
1.6 - 12.0
―
―
―
1.4
2
2.8
4
5.6
(7.2 - 55.8)
(5.2 - 39.3)
1.8 - 14.0
1.3 - 10.0
―
―
1.4
2
2.8
4
5.6
8
(5.9 - 45.9)
(4.3 - 32.8)
A4
1.4
2
2.8
1.3 - 10.0
0.9 - 7.0
4
5.6
8
11
(4.3 - 32.8)
(3.0 - 23.0)
0.9 - 7.0
0.6 - 5.0
A3
2
2.8
4
5.6
8
11
16
(3.0 - 23.0)
(2.0 - 16.4)
A2
2.8
4
5.6
8
11
16
22
0.6 - 5.0
0.6 - 3.5
(2.0 - 16.4)
(2.0 - 11.5)
0.6 - 3.5
0.6 - 2.5
A1
4
5.6
8
11
16
22
32
(2.0 - 11.5)
(2.0 - 8.2)
―
5.6
8
11
16
22
32
45
0.6 - 2.5
0.6 - 1.7
(2.0 - 8.2)
(2.0 - 5.6)
0.6 - 1.7
0.6 - 1.2
―
8
11
16
22
32
45
64
(2.0 - 5.6)
(2.0 - 3.9)
0.6 - 1.2
0.6 - 0.9
―
11
16
22
32
45
64
―
(2.0 - 3.9)
(2.0 - 3.0)
1
Use an aperture 1/3 of an f/stop smaller than those shown in the table.
2
Not possible in TTL mode
Determining whether the subject will receive the correct exposure
in TTL and Non-TTL Auto Flash modes by test firing the SB-22s.
1
Follow the same procedures as in TTL Auto Flash TTL or Non-TTL
Auto Flash A mode.
In TTL mode, set the flash mode selector to either A1, A2, A3 or A4 to line
●
up the same aperture set on the camera or lens aperture ring with that
indicated on the aperture/shooting distance range panel. If the apertures
are out of the range of available apertures possible at A1 to A4, the correct
exposure cannot be determined before shooting.
2
Wait for the ready-light to come on and press the SB-22s's FLASH
button to fire the flash.
●
If the ready-light blinks for approx. 3 seconds after shooting, this indicates
the light may have been insufficient for correct exposure. In this case, use a
wider aperture (smaller f-number) or move close to the subject.
Non-TTL Auto Flash ˙ Mode
The SB-22s's built-in sensor measures the flash illumination reflected back from the
subject, automatically controlling the flash output to give you the correct exposure.
This is called the Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode. A choice of four shooting apertures at
A1 to A4 are available, covering a variety of shooting distances.
1
Set your camera's exposure mode to Aperture-priority auto (A) or Manual (M).
Set your camera's metering system to any setting.
●
●
For Nikon FM3
, New FM2 and FM10 cameras, manually set the shutter speed to
A
the flash sync shutter speed or slower.
For other cameras, the shutter speed is automatically set to the flash sync
speed. (You can intentionally set the shutter speed to one slower than the flash
sync speed.) Refer to your camera's instruction manual for details.
2
Set the SB-22s's mode selector to either A1, A2, A3 or A4 depending on
the aperture selected that brings the subject within the flash shooting
distance range. The illuminated f-number shown in the window at left is the
aperture you should use.
A1
A2
A3
A4
SPEEDLIGHT SB-22s
M TTL
A
A
A
A
A
ISO
2
2
2
2
2
50
2.
8
2.
8
2.
8
2.
8
2.
8
100
4
4
4
4
4
200
5.
6
5.
6
5.
6
5.
6
5.
6
8
8
8
8
8
11
11
11
11
11
16
16
16
16
16
22
22
22
22
22
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
N
35
mm
FLASH
OFF
ON
STBY
BOUNCE
READY
GN(ISO100) 28(m) ／92(ft)
JAPAN
For example, if the flash-to-subject distance is 5m (16.4 ft.), set the flash mode
●
selector to A4 (f/2.8), A3 (f/4) or A2 (f/5.6) when using ISO 100 film with the
angle of coverage adjusted to N-35mm. Underexposure may occur if A1 (f/8) is
selected.
Using an aperture wider than the maximum aperture of the lens in use is not
●
recommended.
To determine the correct flash shooting distance range and aperture, refer to
●
"Checking the Correct Exposure."
3
Set the same aperture as indicated on the aperture/shooting distance
range panel on your camera or lens aperture ring.
●
To set the aperture on Zoom-Nikkor lenses having variable maximum apertures, refer
to "Setting Apertures on Zoom-Nikkor Lenses having Variable Maximum Apertures."
4
Wait for the ready-light to come on and make sure the subject is in focus
before taking the picture.
If the ready-light blinks for approx. 3 seconds after shooting, this indicates the
●
light may have been insufficient for correct exposure. In this case, use a wider
aperture (smaller f-number) or move closer to the subject. You can also check if
the subject will receive the correct exposure by test firing the SB-22s. Refer to
"Checking the Correct Exposure."
Camera and film speed combinations
Because the flash output is automatically controlled by the SB-22s, any Nikon
camera/film speed combination can be used. Correct exposure is obtained by
setting the same aperture (obtained from the aperture/shooting distance range
panel) as set on the camera or lens aperture ring. Exposure compensation is
easy to achieve by intentionally changing the aperture on the camera or lens
aperture ring.
Setting Apertures on Zoom-Nikkor Lenses having Variable Maximum Apertures
Setting the aperture using the camera aperture dial:
For example, F5, F100, F80-Series/N80-Series, F65-Series/N65-Series, F60-Series/N60,
F50-Series/N50, F-401x/N5005, F-401s/N4004s, F-401/N4004, Pronea 600i/6i, D1 Series
cameras with Nikkor lenses with a built-in CPU*: First set the lens to its minimum aperture
(largest f-number) (except G-type Nikkor lenses**), then set the aperture on the camera
using the aperture dial or button after zooming in or out to determine the focal length
setting. In this way, the variable aperture will be automatically compensated by the camera.
Setting the aperture on the camera's LCD panel using the lens aperture ring:
For example, F4-Series, F90X/ N90s, F90-Series/ N90, F70-Series/ N70,
F-801s/ N8008s, F-801/N8008, F-601/N6006, F-601
/ N6000 cameras with Nikkor
M
lenses with a built-in CPU*
Check and set the aperture on the LCD panel after zooming in or out to
determine the focal length setting. In this way, the variable aperture will be
automatically compensated by the camera.
*Nikkor lenses with a built-in CPU incorporate CPU contacts.
(See the figure on the right.)
**G-type Nikkor lenses have no aperture ring.
The aperture should therefore be selected
CPU contacts
from the camera body. Unlike other CPU
Nikkor lenses, the aperture does not need to
be set to its minimum.
Exposure Compensation in Flash Photography
Some plus compensation may be necessary when the background includes a mirror,
white wall, or other highly reflective surface. Otherwise, underexposed pictures might
occur. Similarly, some minus compensation may be required when the background is
dark or includes subjects of low reflectivity to prevent overexposed pictures. In these
cases, making exposure compensation is recommended to obtain the correct exposure.
Normally, exposure compensation within the range of -2 to +1 steps is recommended.
With exposure compensation
Without exposure compensation
Exposure compensation in TTL Auto Flash "TTL" mode
Make exposure compensation on the camera to match the shooting situation.
●
Consult the instruction manual provided with your camera for specific information on
procedures for exposure compensation.
●
When shooting a subject containing highly reflective surfaces, use some plus
compensation. When the background is very dark, or the subject is in deep
shadows, use some minus compensation.
Exposure compensation in Non-TTL Auto Flash "A" mode
Set a different aperture on the camera or lens aperture ring without changing the flash
mode selector. When shooting a subject containing highly reflective surfaces, set a
larger aperture (smaller f-number). When the background is very dark, or the subject
is in deep shadows, set a smaller aperture (larger f-number).
Exposure compensation in Manual "M" mode
Intentionally change the aperture set on the camera or lens aperture ring. When you
want an overexposed picture, set a wider aperture (smaller f-number) than the one
calculated. For an underexposed picture, use a smaller aperture (larger f-number).
Manual Flash ƒ Mode
In this mode, the flash always fires at full output. Manual flash photography is recommended
when shooting subjects in which the correct exposure is difficult to obtain in the TTL or
Non-TTL Auto Flash mode or when you want to exercise your creative preferences.
1
Set your camera's exposure mode to Aperture-priority auto (A) or Manual (M).
Set your camera's metering system to any setting.
●
●
For Nikon FM3
, New FM2 and FM10 cameras, manually set the shutter speed to
A
the flash sync shutter speed or slower.
For other cameras, the shutter speed is automatically set to the flash sync
speed. (You can intentionally set the shutter speed to one slower than the flash
sync speed.) Refer to your camera's instruction manual for details.
2
Set the flash mode selector to M.
3
Determine the shooting distance and follow the appropriate vertical line
upward from the shooting distance on the distance scale until it meets one
of the distance range indicators. Then follow the flash shooting distance
range indicator horizontally and you will find the appropriate apertures. Set
the appropriate aperture on the camera or lens aperture ring.
SPEEDLIGHT SB-22s
M TTL
A
2
ISO
50
2.
8
100
4
200
5.
6
8
11
16
22
m
0.6 0.9
1.3
2
3
5
7
10
ft
2
3
4
6
8
12
15
20 30 40
mm
N
35
OFF
ON
STBY
FLASH
BOUNCE
READY
GN(ISO100) 28(m) ／92(ft)
JAPAN
For example, when shooting with ISO 100 film, with the angle of coverage adjusted
●
to N-35mm, selecting f/5.6 lets you take pictures of subjects at a distance of approx.
5m (16.4 ft.) away, while f/2.8 lets you take pictures of subjects approx. 10 m (32.8 ft.)
away.
To determine the correct aperture, use the equation and guide number table:
●
guide number
f/stop (aperture) = ――――――――――――――
flash-to-subject distance (m/ft)
Guide numbers (m/ft) in M mode at 20˚C/68˚F
Film speed (ISO)
25
50
100
200
400
800
1600
Normal 35mm
14/45.9
20/65.6
28/91.9
40/131.2
56/183.7
80/262.5
110/360.9
Wide 28mm
10/32.8
14/45.9
20/65.6
28/91.9
40/131.2
56/183.7
080/262.5
For example, when shooting a subject at a distance of 5m (16.4 ft.) using ISO
100 film with the angle of coverage adjusted to N-35mm (no wide flash adapter),
28
f/stop = ――― (in meters) = 5.6
5
91.9
f/stop = ―― ― (in feet) = approx. 5.6
16.4
Therefore f/5.6 is the correct aperture.
To set the aperture on Zoom-Nikkor lenses having variable maximum apertures, refer
●
to "Setting Apertures on Zoom-Nikkor Lenses having Variable Maximum Apertures."
4
Wait for the ready-light to come on and make sure the subject is in focus
before taking the picture.
For other camera/lens combination:
For example, F-501/ N2020, F-301/N2000, FM3
, FA, FE2, FG, Nikonos V,
A
F3-Series, New FM2, FM10, FE10 with all other Nikkor and Nikon lenses except
G-type Nikkor lenses.
(Use the following method for cameras listed on the left when combined with Nikkor lenses
without a built-in CPU.)
Align the aperture ring between the green and yellow aperture indexes after
zooming in or out to determine the focal length setting.
●
If the zoom lens has a maximum aperture difference of approx. 1 or more f/stop
between the longest and shortest focal length positions (see the figures below),
align the aperture ring with the green aperture index for a wide setting, and align
the aperture with the yellow aperture index for a telephoto setting. For intermediate
focal length settings, set the aperture ring somewhere between the green and
yellow aperture indexes depending on the focal length in use.
Setting the aperture to f/5.6 on the AF Zoom-Nikkor 24-120mm f/3.5-5.6 lens
Close to yellow
Close to green
Yellow aperture index
Green aperture index
aperture index
aperture index
At 120mm focal
At 100mm focal
At 50mm focal
At 24mm focal
length setting
length setting
length setting
length setting
Autofocus Flash Operation in Dim Light
For autofocus cameras only
When the light is too dim for normal autofocus operation, the SB-22s's AF assist illuminator
LED automatically turns on to illuminate dark subjects when the shutter release button is
pressed halfway. The AF assist illuminator LED turns off as soon as the subject is in focus.
NOTE
●
The subject must be within the range of 1m (3.3 ft) to 5m (16.4 ft) at 20˚C (68˚F).
Replace the SB-22s's batteries whenever the ready-light becomes dark or blinks
●
after the AF assist illuminator LED turns on.
If the AF assist illuminator LED comes on but no in-focus indicator appears in the
●
camera's viewfinder with the shutter release button pressed halfway, the subject is
either too far away or too dark for the camera AF-sensor even with the AF assist
illuminator LED. In this case, set the flash mode selector to Manual M and focus
manually.
Conditions necessary to activate the AF assist illuminator LED:
●
The subject must be sufficiently dark.
AF Nikkor lenses must be used. Lenses from 24mm (35mm for F-501/N2020**)
●
to 105mm are recommended.
The camera's autofocus mode is set to Single Servo Autofocus (Set camera's
●
focus mode selector to "AF" for F50-series/N50*, and "A" for F-401x/N5005*,
F-401s/N4004s* and F-401/N4004*).
Focus lock is not employed.
●
●
The SB-22s's ready-light is on.
*Sold exclusively in the USA
**Sold exclusively in the USA and Canada