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4.1.2 Pixel Format

On Baumer digital cameras the pixel format depends on the selected image format.

4.1.2.1 Definitions

RAW:

Raw data format. Here the data are stored without processing.

Bayer:

Raw data format of color sensors.

Color filters are placed on these sensors in a checkerboard pattern, generally

in a 50% green, 25% red and 25% blue array.

Mono:

Monochrome. The color range of mono images consists of shades of a single

color. In general, shades of gray or black-and-white are synonyms for mono-

chrome�

RGB:

Color model, in which all detectable colors are defined by three coordinates,

Red, Green and Blue.

The three coordinates are displayed within the buffer in the order R, G, B.

BGR:

Here the color alignment mirrors RGB.

YUV:

Color model, which is used in the PAL TV standard and in image compression.

In YUV, a high bandwidth luminance signal (Y: luma information) is transmitted

together with two color difference signals with low bandwidth (U and V: chroma

information). Thereby U represents the difference between blue and luminance

(U = B - Y), V is the difference between red and luminance (V = R - Y). The third

color, green, does not need to be transmitted, its value can be calculated from

the other three values.

YUV 4:4:4

YUV 4:2:2

YUV 4:1:1

White

Green

Here each of the three components has the same sample rate.

Therefore there is no subsampling here.

The chroma components are sampled at half the sample rate.

This reduces the necessary bandwidth to two-thirds (in relation to

4:4:4) and causes no, or low visual differences.

Here the chroma components are sampled at a quater of the

sample rate.This decreases the necessary bandwith by half (in

relation to 4:4:4).

Red

Black

Blue

◄ Figure 9

Sensor with Bayer

Pattern

◄ Figure 10

RBG color space dis-

played as color tube.