Nikon AF Micro-Nikkor 200mm f/4D IF-ED 사용자 설명서 - 페이지 2

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Nikon AF Micro-Nikkor 200mm f/4D IF-ED 사용자 설명서

English

Thank you for purchasing a Nikon product. The AF Micro-Nikkor

■ ■

Reproduction Ratio

ED 200 mm f/4D IF lens supplies distance information to the cam-

The reproduction ratio is the ratio of the apparent size of an object

era body for instantaneous 3D matrix metering or 3D multi-sensor

to its true size. If, for example, the image on the fi lm (image sensor)

balanced fi ll-fl ash fl ash control. With a minimum focus distance of

is one-fi fth of actual size, the reproduction ratio is 1: 5. If desired,

0.5 m (15⁄8 ft.) and a minimum working distance of about 0.26 m

the reproduction ratio can be selected using the reproduction ratio

(10.2 in.), it is also a powerful tool for shooting close-ups of insects

indicator. To shoot at a reproduction ratio of 1 : 5, for example, se-

and other small objects. Before using this product, please carefully

lect manual focus and rotate the focus ring until the focus distance

read both these instructions and the camera manual so you get the

mark aligns with the number "5" in the reproduction ratio indicator,

maximum value from your lens now and for years to come.

then move the camera forward or back until the subject is in focus.

The "Close-ups and Reproduction Work" table shows the reproduc-

■ ■

For Your Safety

tion ratios for diff erent focus distances.

CAUTIONS

• Do not disassemble. Touching the internal parts of the camera or lens could

■ ■

Focusing Screens

result in injury. In the event of malfunction, the product should be re-

The cameras below support a variety of focusing screens for use

with diff erent lenses or in diff erent situations. The following screens

paired only by a qualiﬁ ed technician. Should the product break open

as the result of a fall or other accident, remove the camera battery and/

are suited for use with this lens (when using B2/B3, E2/E3, or K2/K3

or disconnect the AC adapter and then take the product to a Nikon-

screens with cameras not listed here, refer respectively to columns

authorized service center for inspection.

B, E, or K):

• Turn the camera off immediately in the event of malfunction. Should you notice

Screen

EC-B/

smoke or an unusual smell coming from the equipment, immediately

Camera

EC-E

A/L

B B

C C

unplug the AC adapter and remove the camera battery, taking care to



avoid burns. Continued operation could result in ﬁ re or injury. After re-



moving or disconnecting the power source, take the equipment to a



F5+ DP-30

Nikon-authorized service center for inspection.

(+0.5)

• Do not use in the presence of fl ammable gas. Operating electronic equipment





F5+ DA-30

in the presence of ﬂ ammable gas could result in explosion or ﬁ re.

(+0.5)

• Do not look at the sun through the lens or the camera viewfi nder. Viewing the

sun or other bright light source through the lens or viewﬁ nder could

F4+ DP-20





cause permanent visual impairment.

• Keep out of reach of children. Particular care should be taken to prevent in-





F4+ DA-20

fants from putting the batteries or other small parts into their mouths.

• Observe the following precautions when handling the lens and camera:



  

- Keep the lens and camera dry. Failure to observe this precaution could

result in ﬁ re or electric shock.

Screen

- Do not handle the lens or camera with wet hands. Failure to observe

Camera

H1 H1 H2 H2 H3 H3 H4 H4

J J

this precaution could result in electric shock.

- Keep the sun well out of the frame when shooting backlit subjects.



Sunlight focused into the camera when the sun is in or close to the



F5+ DP-30

frame could cause a ﬁ re.



- If the lens will not be used for an extended period, attach the front and

F5+ DA-30

rear lens caps and store the lens out of direct sunlight. If left in direct

(+0.5)

sunlight, the lens could focus the sun's rays onto ﬂ ammable objects,

  

F4+ DP-20

causing ﬁ re.

F4+ DA-20

  

■ ■

Parts of the Lens

    

q Tripod collar

!3 Minimum aperture lock lever

 :

Recommended.

w A-M mode index

!4 Aperture scale

 :

e A-M mode ring

!5 Aperture-direct-readout scale

Vignetting visible in viewﬁ nder (photographs are not aﬀ ected).

 :

r Lens barrel

!6 Aperture indexing post

Split-screen display does not improve focus accuracy.

t Focus ring

!7 CPU contacts

( ):

Figures in parentheses give the exposure compensation for cen-

y Focus distance indicator window

!8 Meter coupling ridge

ter-weighted metering. Select "Other screen" for Custom Setting

u Aperture/mounting index

!9 Position index

b6 ("Screen comp. " ) when adjusting exposure compensation for

i Focusing limit switch

@0 Tripod collar lock screw

the F6; note that with screens other than B or E, "Other screen"

o A-M mode ring release button

@1 Reproduction ratio indicator

must be selected even when the value for exposure compensa-

!0 Aperture ring

@2 Focus distance indicator

tion is 0. Users of the F5 and F4 can adjust exposure compensa-

!1 Minimum aperture signal post (EE

@3 Depth-of-fi eld indicators

tion using Custom Setting 18 or the focusing screen exposure

@4 Focus distance mark

servo coupling post)

compensation dial, respectively; see the camera manual for de-

!2 AF coupling

tails.

Notices

■ ■

Empty cell: Not suited to use with this lens. Note that type M screens can

• Keep the CPU lens contacts clean and be careful not damage the CPU

however be used for photomicrography and macro photogra-

contacts.

phy at magniﬁ cations of 1 : 1 or higher.

• Do not attach the following accessories directly to the lens: PK-1 or PK-11

■ ■

Depth of Field

auto extension rings, K1 rings, or BR-4 auto rings (the PK-11A can be

The depth of fi eld indicators on either side of the focus distance

used in place of the PK-11). Failure to observe this precaution will result

mark show the approximate depth of fi eld (or in other words, the

in damage to the CPU contacts or other parts of the lens. Other lens ac-

extent of the area in which objects behind or in front of the subject

cessories may not be compatible with the camera; be sure to consult the

appear to be in focus). Note that the indicators do not provide ac-

camera manual before use.

curate information at short focus distances; to determine depth of

• The lens can not be used with the DX-1 viewﬁ nder for Nikon F3AF cam-

fi eld, refer to the depth of fi eld table. If the camera off ers depth of

eras.

fi eld preview (stop down), depth of fi eld can also be previewed in

Focus

■ ■

the viewfi nder.

This lens supports A-M mode selection. To choose the A-M mode,

■ ■

The Minimum Aperture Lock Lever (Figure A)

rotate the A-M mode ring while pressing the A-M mode ring re-

lease button. Select A for autofocus and M for manual focus. Au-

Lock aperture at f/32 when shooting in programmed auto or shut-

ter-priority auto mode.

tofocus is not supported with close-up attachment lenses; select

M when using a close-up attachment lens. Note that selecting M

Rotate the aperture ring to the minimum aperture setting

when the lens is mounted on a Nikon N2020 (sold in the U. S. A.

(f/32).

and Canada only) or F-501 may cause the camera to malfunction.

Slide the lock lever toward the aperture ring so that the white

dot on the lock lever aligns with the orange dot.

■ ■

The Focus Limit Switch

For faster focusing, slide the focus limit switch from FULL to LIMIT.

To release the lock, slide the lever in the opposite direction.

At short focus distances, selecting LIMIT will restrict focus to dis-

tances in the vicinity of 0.7 m to 0.5 m (2¼ ft. to 15⁄8 ft.), while select-

ing LIMIT at longer focus distances will restrict focus to positions

between approximately 0.7 m (2¼ ft.) and ∞.

Figure A

■ ■

Close ups and Reproduction Work

■

Lens Care

To prevent blur caused by camera shake, mount the camera on a

• Use a blower to remove dust and lint from the lens surfaces. To remove

tripod and use a cable release or remote cord. Close ups are gen-

smudges and ﬁ ngerprints, apply a small amount of ethanol or lens

erally associated with extremely shallow fi eld depths; for greater

cleaner to a soft, clean cotton cloth or lens-cleaning tissue and clean

depths of fi eld, stop down the lens, choose longer exposure times,

from the center outwards using a circular motion, taking care not to

and position the camera so that the focal plane is parallel to the

leave smears or touch the glass with your ﬁ ngers.

portion of the subject you wish to photograph. See the following

• Never use organic solvents such as paint thinner or benzene to clean

table for information on metering exposure with the lens oriented

the lens.

normally (use stop-down metering when the lens reversed), but

• The lens hood or an NC ﬁ lter can be used to protect the front lens element.

note that the exposure metering system for the F-401s/N4004s

• Attach the front and rear caps when the lens is not in use.

does not function with bellows or with the PK-11A, PK-12, or PK-13.

• Keep the lens dry. Rusting of the internal mechanism can cause irrepa-

rable damage.

Camera

Accessory

Metering

• If the lens will not be used for an extended period, store it in a cool, dry

F6, F5, F90X/N90s

, F90-Series/

PK-11A, 12, 13/PN-11 Full-aperture

location to prevent mold and rust. Do not store in direct sunlight or with

N90

, F70-Series/N70

, F4 series,

naphtha or camphor moth balls.

F-801/N8008

, F-801s/N8008s

• Leaving the lens in extremely hot locations could damage or warp parts

(CPU-AI), F3 series, FE, FM, EL2,

PK-2, 3/PN-1/Bellows Stop-down

made from reinforced plastic.

Nikkormat FT3, F2 Photomic A,

F2 Photomic AS (AI)

■

Compatible Accessories

• 62 mm screw-on ﬁ lters

Full-aperture (or

D D

E E

G1 G1 G2 G2 G3 G3 G4 G4

F-501/N2020

, FE2, FA, FM2, FG,

• Screw-in Lens Hood HN-30

PK-11A, 12, 13/PN-11

light intensity



FG-20, EM, F-301/N2000

(AI)

feedback)

■

Speciﬁ cations





PK-2, 3/PN-1/Bellows Stop-down

Focal length

(-1.0)

PK-11A, 13/PN-11/

Maximum aperture

Stop-down





Bellows

Lens construction

Non-AI

(+0.5)

(-1)

Stop-down

Angle of view

PK-2, 3/PN-1



Full-aperture



(-1)

1. See camera manual for instructions.

Focus distance



2. Lens modiﬁ cation required. After attaching modiﬁ ed lens, perform

indicator



(-1)

maximum aperture indexing manually.

Distance information

Distance information Output into camera



3. Sold in U. S. A. only.

Reproduction ratio

4. Sold in U.S. A. and Canada only.

Aperture scale

■ ■

Exposure Compensation

Minimum aperture

K K P P M M R R

T T

U U

F F

Extending macro and other close-up lenses for higher reproduction ra-

lock

tios decreases the amount of light reaching the ﬁ lm (or image sensor),



Diaphragm

changing the eﬀ ective f-number (see "Exposure Factor", below). While



through-the-lens (TTL) metering and ﬂ ash control automatically com-

Metering

pensate for this drop in brightness by adjusting exposure, ﬂ ash level, and



the exposure indicator according to the amount of light actually passing

Mount

 

through the lens, exposure and ﬂ ash levels set using external exposure

Attachment size

meters must be adjusted manually with reference to the exposure factor.

Tripod collar

 

Dimensions

■ ■

Exposure Factor

  

The lens f-number indicates the brightness of the subject at a focus

distance of inﬁ nity; higher reproduction ratios result in reduced image

brightness. The actual brightness is referred to as the "eﬀ ective f-number",

Weight

and the amount that exposure compensation has to be raised to account

Nikon reserves the right to change the speciﬁ cations of the hardware de-

for the loss in brightness as the "exposure factor".

scribed in this manual at any time and without prior notice.

Although the eff ective aperture of this lens changes with focal

length (reproduction ratio), the aperture shown in the camera

viewfi nder or control panel is automatically adjusted to take this

into account, with the result that the exposure factor can be ig-

nored if you reference these displays when setting aperture to the

value reported by an external exposure meter. The aperture dials

for cameras in the F-401 series also automatically adjust for the ex-

posure factor; manual compensation is not required. This adjust-

ment is not however performed by the lens aperture ring or the

aperture displays for the F5 and other cameras with a viewfi nder

aperture window, and consequently you must take the exposure

factor into account when using these displays. The following table

shows the exposure factors and the amount by which aperture

must be increased at reproduction ratios above 1 : 10.

Aperture shown in camera

control panel (eff ective

Reproduction

Exposure

Increase

aperture)

ratio

factor

aperture by

f/4 f/4

f/8 f/8

f/16 Min. (f/32)

f/16

Min. (f/32)

1 : 10

1/6 EV

1 : 8

1 : 12

1/6 EV

4.2

1 : 7

1 : 14

1/6 EV

4.2

1 : 6

1 : 16

1/6 EV

4.2

1 : 5

1 : 19

1/3 EV

4.2

1 : 4

1 : 24

1/3 EV

4.2

1 : 3

1 : 31

1/3 EV

4.5

1 : 2.5

1 : 37

1/2 EV

4.8

1 : 2

1 : 46

1/2 EV

4.8

1 : 1.8

1 : 51

2/3 EV

4.8

1 : 1.6

1 : 57

2/3 EV

1 : 1.4

1 : 65

2/3 EV

1 : 1.2

1 : 75

5/6 EV

1 : 1.1

1 : 82

5/6 EV

5.3

1 : 1

1 : 90

1 EV

5.3

Changes to aperture can be kept to a minimum by also adjusting

shutter speed. For example, instead of increasing aperture by 5⁄6 EV

at a reproduction ratio of 1 : 1.2, choose a shutter speed one EV

slower and stop aperture down by 1⁄6 EV.

■ ■

Depth of Field (Metric)

Focus distance

5.6

0.5

0.500 – 0.500

0.52

0.520 – 0.520

0.550 – 0.550

0.55

0.6

0.600 – 0.600

0.65

0.650 – 0.650

0.649 – 0.651

0.7

0.700 – 0.701

0.699 – 0.701

0.8

0.799 – 0.801

0.9

0.899 – 0.901

0.898 – 0.902

0.999 – 1.002

0.998 – 1.002

1.2

1.198 – 1.203

1.197 – 1.204

1.5

1.496 – 1.505

1.494 – 1.507

1.993 – 2.012

1.989 – 2.016

2.983 – 3.031

2.973 – 3.041

3.964 – 4.054

3.945 – 4.073

5.905 – 6.121

5.860 – 6.166

∞

300.926 – ∞

211.813 – ∞

200 mm

■

Depth of Field (Imperial)

f/4

13 elements in 8 groups

Focus distance

12°20' (8° when mounted on DX-format Nikon digi-

5.6

tal cameras)

1 ft 7 ⁄ in. –

1 5⁄8

Graduated in meters and feet from 0.5 m (15⁄8 ft.)

1 ft 7 ⁄ in.

to inﬁ nity (∞)

1 ft 9 in. –

1 ¾

1 ft 9 in.

1 : 10 to 1 : 1 (life size)

1 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

1 7⁄8

f/4 to f/32 on both standard and aperture-direct-

1 ft 10 ⁄ in.

readout scales

2 ft – 2 ft

Provided

2 ft 3 in. –

Fully automatic

2 ¼

2 ft 3 in.

• CPU/AI cameras: Full aperture

2 ft 6 in. –

2 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

• Other cameras: Minimum aperture

2 ½

2 ft 6 in.

2 ft 6 ⁄ in.

Nikon F mount

2 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

62 mm (P=0.75 mm)

3 ft ⁄ in.

Built-in tripod collar; rotatable through 360°

3 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

Approx. 76 mm (maximum diameter) × 193 mm

3 ½

3 ft 6 ⁄ in.

3 ft 6 ⁄ in.

(distance from camera lens mount ﬂ ange);

3 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

overall length is approx. 202 mm

4 ft ⁄ in.

4 ft ⁄ in.

Approx. 1190 g (2 lb. 9.9 oz.)

4 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

4 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

5 ft ⁄ in.

5 ft ⁄ in.

5 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

5 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

6 ft ⁄ in.

6 ft ⁄ in.

7 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

7 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

8 ft ⁄ in.

8 ft ⁄ in.

11 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

11 ft 10 in. –

12 ft 1 ⁄ in.

12 ft 3 ⁄ in.

19 ft 8 ⁄ in. –

19 ft 6 ⁄ in. –

20 ft 5 ⁄ in.

20 ft 7 ⁄ in.

987 ft 3 ⁄ in. – ∞

694 ft 11 ⁄ in. – ∞

∞

■

Close – up Photography (Metric)

Accessory

Reproduction ratio

Close-up attachment lens No. 5T

1/3.3 – 1.4

Close-up attachment lens No. 6T

1/1.7 – 1.7

PK-series rings

1/25 – 1.5

PN ring

1/3.8 – 1.5

Bellows PB-4 or PB-5

1/4.7 – 1/1.1

Bellows PB-6

1/4.2 – 1.0

Extension Bellows PB-6E

1/4.2 – 2.2

Reprocopy Outfi t PF-2, 3, 4

1/2.7 – 1.0

1. Can not be used when lens is reversed.

2. No. 5T and No. 6T attachments do not produce good results when used together with close-up photography and is not recommended. When using either attachment separately, stop aperture down to f/5.6 or smaller for best

results.

3. First ﬁ gure is for PK-11A when used alone, remaining ﬁ gures for rings PK-11A through PK-13, PK-11 through PK-13, or PK-1 through PK-3 used together. Note the PK-11 and PK-1 can not be attached directly to the lens.

4. The ﬁ gures for the PF-2, PF-3, and PF-4 repro copy outﬁ ts are for a subject positioned on the base plate when the lens is used without close-up attachments.

■

Close – up Photography (Imperial)

Accessory

Reproduction ratio

Close-up attachment lens No. 5T

1/3.3 – 1.4

Close-up attachment lens No. 6T

1/1.7 – 1.7

1/25 – 1.5

PK-series rings

PN ring

1/3.8 – 1.5

Bellows PB-4 or PB-5

1/4.7 – 1/1.1

Bellows PB-6

1/4.2 – 1.0

Extension Bellows PB-6E

1/4.2 – 2.2

Reprocopy Outfi t PF-2, 3, 4

1/2.7 – 1.0

1. Can not be used when lens is reversed.

results.

4. The ﬁ gures for the PF-2, PF-3, and PF-4 repro copy outﬁ ts are for a subject positioned on the base plate when the lens is used without close-up attachments.

Depth of fi eld

0.500 – 0.500

0.499 – 0.501

0.520 – 0.520

0.520 – 0.521

0.519 – 0.521

0.550 – 0.550

0.549 – 0.551

0.548 – 0.552

0.599 – 0.601

0.598 – 0.602

0.649 – 0.651

0.648 – 0.651

0.648 – 0.652

0.647 – 0.653

0.699 – 0.701

0.698 – 0.702

0.697 – 0.703

0.696 – 0.704

0.799 – 0.802

0.798 – 0.802

0.797 – 0.803

0.796 – 0.805

0.794 – 0.806

0.898 – 0.902

0.897 – 0.903

0.896 – 0.905

0.894 – 0.907

0.891 – 0.909

0.997 – 1.003

0.996 – 1.005

0.994 – 1.006

0.991 – 1.009

0.988 – 1.013

1.195 – 1.205

1.193 – 1.207

1.190 – 1.210

1.186 – 1.215

1.180 – 1.221

1.491 – 1.510

1.487 – 1.513

1.482 – 1.519

1.474 – 1.526

1.463 – 1.537

1.983 – 2.021

1.976 – 2.029

1.965 – 2.040

1.949 – 2.056

1.927 – 2.078

2.959 – 3.055

2.939 – 3.075

2.911 – 3.103

2.871 – 3.143

2.814 – 3.200

3.918 – 4.100

3.881 – 4.137

3.828 – 4.190

3.752 – 4.266

3.646 – 4.372

5.796 – 6.230

5.707 – 6.319

5.580 – 6.446

5.401 – 6.625

5.147 – 6.879

149.985 – ∞

106.274 – ∞

75.220 – ∞

53.224 – ∞

37.662 – ∞

Depth of fi eld

1 ft 7 ⁄ in. –

1 ft 7 ⁄ in. –

1 ft 7 ⁄ in.

1 ft 7 ⁄ in.

1 ft 9 in. –

1 ft 8 ⁄ in. –

1 ft 8 ⁄ in. –

1 ft 9 in.

1 ft 9 ⁄ in.

1 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

1 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

1 ft 10 ⁄ in.

1 ft 10 ⁄ in.

1 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

1 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

2 ft – 2 ft

2 ft ⁄ in.

2 ft ⁄ in.

2 ft 2 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 2 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 3 ⁄ in.

2 ft 3 ⁄ in.

2 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 6 ⁄ in.

2 ft 6 ⁄ in.

2 ft 6 ⁄ in.

2 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

2 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

3 ft ⁄ in.

3 ft ⁄ in.

3 ft ⁄ in.

3 ft ⁄ in.

3 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 5 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 6 ⁄ in.

3 ft 6 ⁄ in.

3 ft 6 ⁄ in.

3 ft 6 ⁄ in.

3 ft 6 ⁄ in.

3 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

3 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

4 ft ⁄ in.

4 ft ⁄ in.

4 ft ⁄ in.

4 ft ⁄ in.

4 ft ⁄ in.

4 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

4 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

4 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

4 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

4 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

5 ft ⁄ in.

5 ft ⁄ in.

5 ft ⁄ in.

5 ft 1 ⁄ in.

5 ft 1 ⁄ in.

5 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

5 ft 11 ⁄ in. –

5 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

5 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

5 ft 9 ⁄ in. –

6 ft ⁄ in.

6 ft ⁄ in.

6 ft 1 ⁄ in.

6 ft 1 ⁄ in.

6 ft 2 ⁄ in.

7 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

7 ft 10 ⁄ in. –

7 ft 9 ⁄ in. –

7 ft 8 ⁄ in. –

8 ft 1 ⁄ in.

8 ft 1 ⁄ in.

8 ft 2 ⁄ in.

8 ft 3 ⁄ in.

8 ft 4 ⁄ in.

11 ft 9 ⁄ in. –

11 ft 7 ⁄ in. –

11 ft 6 ⁄ in. –

11 ft 3 ⁄ in. –

11 ft ⁄ in. –

12 ft 3 in.

12 ft 4 ⁄ in.

12 ft 5 ⁄ in.

12 ft 8 ⁄ in.

12 ft 11 ⁄ in.

19 ft 4 ⁄ in. –

19 ft ⁄ in. –

18 ft 7 ⁄ in. –

18 ft ⁄ in. –

17 ft 1 ⁄ in. –

21 ft 10 ⁄ in.

21 ft 1 ⁄ in.

21 ft 6 ⁄ in.

22 ft 2 ⁄ in.

23 ft ⁄ in.

492 ft ⁄ in. – ∞

348 ft 8 in. – ∞

246 ft 9 ⁄ in. – ∞

174 ft 7 ⁄ in. – ∞

123 ft 6 ⁄ in. – ∞

Close-up photography

Close-up photography (lens reversed)

Subject fi eld

Focus distance

Reproduction ratio

Subject fi eld

–

8.0 × 12.0 – 1.7 × 2.6

91.0 – 42.8

–

4.1 × 6.1 – 1.4 × 2.1

58.6 – 39.0

–

60.0 × 90.1 – 1.6 × 2.4

541 – 51.2

–

9.1 × 13.7 – 1.6 × 2.4

121 – 51.3

–

11.2 × 16.8 – 2.6 × 3.9

137 – 80.0

–

10.0 × 15.0 – 2.3 × 3.5

128.1 – 79.9

–

10.0 × 15.0 – 1.1 × 1.7

128.1 – 92.8

–

6.5 × 9.7 – 2.4 × 3.6

85.3 – 50.0

Close-up photography

Close-up photography (lens reversed)

Subject fi eld

Focus distance

Reproduction ratio

Subject fi eld

–

3.1 × 4.7 – 0.7 × 1.0

35.8 – 16.9

–

1.6 × 2.4 – 0.5 × 0.8

23.1 – 15.4

23.6 × 35.5 – 0.64 × 0.95

213 – 20.2

–

3.6 × 5.4 – 0.62 × 0.94

47.8 – 20.2

–

4.4 × 6.6 – 1.0 × 1.5

54.1 – 31.5

–

3.9 × 5.9 – 0.91 × 1.36

50.4 – 31.5

–

3.9 × 5.9 – 0.43 × 0.65

50.4 – 36.5

–

2.6 × 3.8 – 0.94 × 1.42

33.6 – 19.5

(m)

Reproduction ratio

1/1.0

1/1.1

1/1.2

1/1.5

1/1.7

1/1.9

1/2.4

1/2.9

1/3.4

1/4.4

1/5.9

1/8.4

1/13.4

1/18.5

1/28.5

1/∞

(ft)

Reproduction ratio

1/1

1/1.2

1/1.3

1/1.5

1/1.9

1/2.3

1/3

1/3.8

1/4.5

1/6

1/7.5

1/10.6

1/16.7

1/29.1

1/∞

(cm)

Focus distance

–

(in.)

Focus distance

–