Canon XL 1 User Manual - Page 25

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safe areas. The safe areas exclude the edges of the screen, which may be cut off or

distorted on some televisions (especially older ones).

In some digital video editing applications, you can crop an image using a filter. In

others, such as After Effects, the easiest way to crop an image is to scale the video up

so the unwanted edges are no longer part of the frame. If you want an asymmetric

scale, you can move the anchor point of the video as needed.

An example of scaling is going from 720 pixels wide source to 352 pixels wide output

for VideoCD. The specified method for this scaling is to crop eight pixels from the

left and right of the source, leaving a 704 pixel wide frame that you can reduce by

exactly 50% to 352 pixels wide.

Scaling

Scaling is resizing the cropped source rectangle to the proper output frame size, for

example, going from a 720 x 480 source frame to a 320 x 240 output frame for web

video.

Scaling up on either axis forces a video editing application to make up data that's not

in the source. It's always preferable to scale down on both axes if possible.

Noise reduction

Noise reduction encompasses a variety of techniques to remove noise, especially

grain, from an image, making it easier to compress. Very simple noise reduction

algorithms are just blurs—they can hide grain, but can make the image quite soft as

well. The commonly used Median filter is a good blur for noise reduction. More

advanced algorithms try to blur only the parts of the image that have grain and may

take advantage of differences among frames.

Tools such as After Effects Professional perform automatic or manually-assisted

scratch removal and other processes to improve or repair degraded source. Normally

these tools are stand-alone applications or plug-ins to a video tool that need to be used

early in the workflow.

END OF MANUAL