Panasonic AG-DVX100P Setup - Page 36

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6. Video Glossary

24p 24 frames per second progressive, a standard for digital video

4:1:1 A sampling frequency ratio used in digitizing a video picture's luminance and color

difference components (Y, R-Y, and B-Y). In this ratio the luminance is sampled at 13.5

MHz and R-Y , B-Y are each sampled at 3.37 MHz.

4:2:2 A sampling frequency ratio used in digitizing a video picture's luminance and color

difference components (Y, R-Y, and B-Y). In this ratio the luminance is sampled at 13.5

MHz and R-Y, B-Y are each sampled at 6.75 MHz. This method of digitizing provides a

wider chrominance bandwidth relative to luminance.

ALC Automatic Level Control, a circuit that is used to maintain a constant signal level.

Amplifier A component that increases the level of an audio signal from line level to speaker

level.

Analog A signal that can be continuously varied in amplitude and frequency.

Analog Components Video signals in which a continuously variable voltage or current

represents the value of a pixel.

Aspect Ratio The ratio of the width to height of a video screen or film when it is projected

on a screen. The old standard NTSC aspect ratio was 1.33 to 1 or 4 to 3, but now with at

advent High Definition technology 16 by 9 is common.

Back Light The main function of the backlight is to separate the individual subjects from the

background and give them depth and dimension.

Back Porch The period of time during horizontal blanking that follows the horizontal sync

pulse and continues to the beginning of active video.

Backlit Refers to the illumination used to light a projectors control panel or the buttons of a

remote control, so it can be used in the dark.

Black Level The level of the video signal that corresponds to the maximum limits of the

black areas of the picture.

Blanking or Composite Blanking Related to composite sync, this signal has both horizon-

tal and vertical components and is at its negative level whenever video is to be blanked or

turned off.

Blanking Level Also known as pedestal, it is the level of a video signal, which separates

the range that contains the picture information from the range that contains the synchroniz-

ing information. The level of the front and back porches. Is Zero IEEE units.

CCD Charge Coupled Device

CCIR - Comite Consultatif International Radiocommunications, the French standards body

which now falls under the control of the ITU-R.

CCIR 601 (ITU-R 601) - This standard defines the encoding parameters of digital television.

Charged Coupled Device Is a sensor used in scanners, camcorders, digital cameras, etc.,

to capture an image. CCDs work by converting light into electrical energy.

Chroma The color information contained in a video signal, consisting of hue (phase angle)

and saturation (amplitude) of the color sub carrier. Also, known as Chrominance.

Chrominance The color part of a signal, relating to the hue and saturation but not to the

brightness or luminance of the signal, e.g. black, gray and white, have no chrominance, but

any colored signal has both chrominance and luminance. U,V: Cr, Cb: I,Q: (R-Y, B-Y) rep-

resent the chrominance information of a signal.