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FDA Consumer Update

How does FCC Audit Cell Phone RF?

After FCC grants permission for a particular cellular telephone to be marketed, FCC will occasionally

conduct "post-grant" testing to determine whether production versions of the phone are being

produced to conform with FCC regulatory requirements. The manufacturer of a cell phone that does

not meet FCC's regulatory requirements may be required to remove the cell phone from use and to

refund the purchase price or provide a replacement phone, and may be subject to civil or criminal

penalties. In addition, if the cell phone presents a risk of injury to the user, FDA may also take

regulatory action. The most important post-grant test, from a consumer's perspective, is testing of the

RF emissions of the phone. FCC measures the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of the phone, following a

very rigorous testing protocol. As is true for nearly any scientific measurement, there is a possibility

that the test measurement may be less than or greater than the actual RF emitted by the phone. This

difference between the RF test measurement and actual RF emission is because test measurements are

limited by instrument accuracy, because test measurement and actual use environments are different,

and other variable factors. This inherent variability is known as "measurement uncertainty." When

FCC conducts post-grant testing of a cell phone, FCC takes into account any measurement uncertainty

to determine whether regulatory action is appropriate. This approach ensures that when FCC takes

regulatory action, it will have a sound, defensible scientific basis.

FDA scientific staff reviewed the methodology used by FCC to measure cell phone RF, and agreed it is

an acceptable approach, given our current understanding of the risks presented by cellular phone RF

emissions. RF emissions from cellular phones have not been shown to present a risk of injury to the

user when the measured SAR is less than the safety limits set by FCC (an SAR of 1.6 w/kg). Even in a

case where the maximum measurement uncertainty permitted by current measurement standards was

added to the maximum permissible SAR, the resulting SAR value would be well below any level

known to produce an acute effect. Consequently, FCC's approach with measurement uncertainty will

not result in consumers being exposed to any known risk from the RF emitted by cellular telephones.

FDA will continue to monitor studies and literature reports concerning acute effects of cell phone RF,

and concerning chronic effects of long-term exposure to cellular telephone RF (that is, the risks from

using a cell phone for many years). If new information leads FDA to believe that a change to FCC's

measurement policy may be appropriate, FDA will contact FCC and both agencies will work together

to develop a mutually-acceptable approach.

Where can I find additional information?

For additional information, please refer to the following resources:

• FDA web page on wireless phones

(http://www.fda.gov/cellphones/)

• Federal Communications Commission (FCC) RF Safety Program

(http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety)

• International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection

(http://www.icnirp.de)

• World Health Organization (WHO) International EMF Project

(http://www.who.int/emf)

• National Radiological Protection Board (UK)

(http://www.nrpb.org.uk/)

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