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being passed through.
Letterbox Format used to fit wide screen movies (1.85:1 and 2.35:1, for example) on the
average, 1.33:1 TV screen. The image is shrunk to fit the screen, leaving blank space on
the top and bottom.
Line Frequency The rate or number of video lines that are being read or scanned by the
electron beam per interval. There are 262 1/2 lines scanned per field, 525 lines scanned
per frame and 15,750 lines of video information scanned every second.
Liquid Crystal A liquid in which the molecules are arranged in a regular pattern.
LTC (Longitudinal Time Code) This is another expression for the SMPTE time code sig-
nal recorded onto the third audio track of a videocassette tape.
Luminance refers to the amount of visually effective light emitted by a light source. Typi-
cally expressed in nits, foot lamberts (fL) or candelas per square meter (cd/m2). One fL =
3.43 cd/m2 or 3.42626 nits, One cd/m2 = 0.292fL or 1 nit
Lux A unit of measuring the e intensity of light. (1 FC=10.76 lux).
M
MHz Short for megahertz, which is 1 million Hz.
MPEG Motion Pictures Expert Group
Megabyte One million bytes of data.
Memory A storage place for computer data.
Microphone A piece of equipment that will convert sound into electrical signals for re-
cording and use by audio equipment, such as sound amplifiers.
N
NTSC National Television Systems Committee
National Television Standard Committee (NTSC) This organization formulated the
NTSC system, 525 lines 60 field; usually taken to mean the NTSC color television system
itself, or its interconnect standards.
Non-Drop Frame A type of time code that runs at thirty frames a second and does not
allow for the slower color frame rate of television.
NTSC Color Bars A pattern generated by the NTSC Generator, consisting of eight equal
width color bars. Colors are white (75%), black (7.5% set-up level), 75% saturated pure
colors red, green, and blue, and 75% saturated hues of yellow, cyan, and magenta.
(Mixtures of two colors in 1:1 ratio without third color).
O
One Volt "Peak to Peak" - A reference to the measurement of a video signal which
should go from -40 IRE units for sync up to 100 IRE units for the luminance level. The dis-
tance from -40 to 100 (140 IRE units) is referred to as 1 volt peak to peak.
P
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
Peak White The white portion of the video signal.
Pedestal The level of the video signal representing black, normally set at 7.5 IRE units.
Phone Plug This type of plug is mostly used on a microphone or pair of headsets. There
are basically two types stereo and mono.
Phono Plug Known as a RCA plug it is used with audio amplifiers.
Pixel Picture Element or Pix Element; related to a particular image address in digital sys-
tems or to the smallest reproducible element in analog systems.
Pixel Depth The number of bits used to address a pixel. Also called color depth, the bit
depth determines the number of colors that can be displayed at one time.
Power Zoom A zoom lens that has a motor, which allows you to zoom in and out from the
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