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5: Technical Information

6.1: FTP Explained

FTP is another type of protocol used for exchanging data between two computers, usually a

PC and a server. It uses two separate channels, the command and data channel. The

command channel is used to establish a connection between the two computers and

communicating any other information such as directory structures, privileges etc. The data

channel is used for data transfer.

6.2: Port numbers explained

Port numbers are used to channel data through to the appropriate program over the web. For

example, port 25 is used to route most email traffic to email software such as Microsoft®

Outlook. If ports were not used, then emails would not know where to go. Since FTP is

another type of communication and uses the web as transport, it too has an associated port

number, which are used to standardise the way we communicate over the web. These

numbers were created and are regulated by an organisation called Internet Assigned Number

Authority (IANA). Previous to IANA, companies would standardise their own rules for

communicating, which was great for internal communication but had limitations when dealing

with the outside world.

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