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HP 742n - Pavilion - 512 MB RAM Белая книга
Why is Power Management
Important?
Power management is essential because it:
Helps cut power costs by reducing the amount of
•
energy used by PCs
Allows the PC to meet and even exceed energy
•
consumption regulations worldwide.
APM
Advance Power Management (APM) was the first
major open industry standard developed to meet
power management needs in personal computers.
APM is controlled from the PC's BIOS. The BIOS
establishes a connection with an operating system
driver and in this way provides power management
instructions to the operating system.
APM was provided on all HP PCs, and has been
successful in reducing the energy consumption of
millions of PCs worldwide. However, the computing
world has changed radically in the few years since
APM was developed. Recent leaps in technology and
new uses for PCs have rendered APM ill-equipped to
deal with power management tasks.
These emerging APM drawbacks include:
Difficulty in meeting the increasingly strict power
•
saving regulations
Diminished availability. Computers are increasingly
•
being used for demanding tasks requiring 24-hour
availability. A PC that goes into an APM low power
mode is unavailable for use and remains so until it
has gone through the lengthy wakeup or startup
procedure.
Typically, there has been a strict trade-off between PC
availability and the energy saving achieved.
ACPI
The latest technology is ACPI (Advanced Configuration
and Power Interface). This is an open industry standard
created by, among others, Microsoft and Intel. It
addresses the drawbacks in APM and incorporates
many improvements.
Unlike APM, ACPI is controlled by the operating
system. This allows easier control and configuration of
power management (since the operating system is
more accessible).
ACPI also drastically reduces the trade-off between
energy saving and PC availability. Now you can have
a PC that is available 24 hours a day, with highly
reduced wakeup times, yet still save energy by using
low power sleep modes.
The specific advantages of ACPI over APM include:
New Hibernate mode
•
This is a very low power consumption mode that
also allows the PC to be quickly available. In
Hibernate mode the PC appears to be switched off
(power off). The PC system context is saved to hard
disk and then reloaded (after the BIOS is initiated)
for a fast wakeup. This is implemented in Windows
2000 and can be used in any recent or new HP PC.
Resistance to power failure
•
The Hibernate mode is resistant to power failure as
the OS state is saved to hard disk, so power out
during Hibernation will not cause memory loss. The
OS and current program states are saved until
power is restored when the PC can automatically
reload the last state and continue operation.
Suspend to RAM
•
This is similar to the Hibernate mode described
above, only there is less power saving and wakeup
is faster, since the system context is saved in main
memory. This is available on selected HP PCs.
Highly configurable
•
Since control is centered in the operating system,
you can configure ACPI power management
parameters more easily. (APM is centered in the
BIOS and requires you to restart the PC to configure
power management.) ACPI also provides more
features, with a wider range of configuration
parameters, offering higher flexibility and greater
user control. This is advantageous to both users and
systems administrators (for desktop management
tasks).
A configurable power switch
•
This feature allows system administrators to choose
what the PC does when the user presses the power
switch. You can select very low power sleep states
(Hibernate) or ultra-fast wakeup (Standby) for
increased availability. This is discussed in
"The Power Button and Unexpected Wakeup" on
page 6.
More open to evolution
•
The ACPI standard not only allows the operating
system and hardware to perform coordinated power
management, it also allows power management
technology to evolve independently in the operating
system and in the PC hardware.