Motorola CP040 Информация о сервисе - Страница 10

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2-2

THEORY OF OPERATION

2.1

Receiver Front End

Incoming RF signals from the antenna are first routed through the harmonic filter and antenna

switch, part of the transmitter circuitry, before being applied to the receiver front end. The receiver

front end consists of a preselector filter, RF amplifier, an interstage filter, and a double-balanced first

mixer.

The preselector filter is a fixed-tuned 3-pole Butterworth design using discrete elements (L1-L3, C1-

C10, C12 and C523) in a shunt-resonator configuration. It has a 3 dB bandwidth of 68 MHz

centered at 421 MHz, an insertion loss of 2.2 dB and image attenuation of 38 dB at 350 MHz. Diode

CR1 protects the RF amplifier by limiting excessive RF levels. The filter bandwidth is considerably

wider than the receive band, to achieve low insertion loss in a compact size. C523 provides a

transmission-zero to improve image attenuation.

The output of the filter is matched to the base of RF amplifier Q21, which provides 18 dB of gain and

a noise figure of 4 dB. A BFS505 device is used for high gain, low noise figure and reduced

operating current. Operating voltage is obtained from the 5R source, which is turned off during

transmit to reduce dissipation in Q21. Current mirror Q22 maintains the operating current of Q21

constant at 8 mA regardless of device and temperature variations, for optimum dynamic range and

noise figure.

The output of the RF amplifier is applied to the interstage filter, a fixed-tuned 4-pole Butterworth

shunt-coupled resonator design having a 3 dB bandwidth of 68 MHz centered at 462 MHz, and

insertion loss of 3.5 dB. This filter yields an image rejection of 58 dB at 350 MHz, assisted by a

transmission-zero at 300 MHz implemented by C524 for the reasons mentioned above.

The output of the interstage filter is connected to the passive double-balanced mixer consisting of

components T41, T42, and CR41. This mixer has a conversion loss of 7.2 dB. Low-side injection

from the frequency synthesizer is filtered by L40-L41 and C41-C45 to remove second harmonic

energy that may degrade half-IF spurious rejection performance. The injection filter has a 3 dB

bandwidth of 100 MHz centered at 376 MHz, and an insertion loss of 2.7 dB. The second-harmonic

rejection is typically 45 dB or greater. The filtered injection signal is applied to T42 at a level of +6

dBm.

The mixer output is applied to a diplexer network (L51-L52, C51, R51) which matches the 44.85

MHz IF signal to crystal filter FL51, and terminates the mixer into 50Ω at all other frequencies.