Gakken Japanino Montaj, Kullanım Kılavuzu - Sayfa 5

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Operate the P.O.V. with the Japanino

Experimenting with light

using LEDs

Basic principal 1

Making one LED flash

Connect the Japanino to a PC. Next, connect the P.O.V. to the

Japanino. Once you've connected everything, start up the IDE.

Click [File] [Examples] [Digital] [Blink] in order to open a sketch.

Click [Verify] to check to see if a sketch will work properly.

If completed successfully, the [Done compilling] message will

appear.

If the sketch fails, the background will turn red, and some kind of

message will appear (the part displayed in yellow includes invalid

content, or there is something lacking in the part directly before

it. After fixing the problem, click [Verify] again).

Click [Upload] to upload the sketch to the board. Once uploading is

done, the sketch will execute automatically, and an LED on the tip of

the P.O.V. (the LED attached to pin no. 13) and the Pin D13 activity

indicator LED on the Micro Computer board will flash.

IMPORTANT

For Mac

f a "Size of sketch after compiling: bytes (max. capacity, bytes)" message

appears in white letters in the Message Display box, immediately press the

RESET switch as shown in the diagram for about 1 second (after pressing it

for about 1 second, remove your hand).

If upkoading was not completed

properly, please try again starting from

the clicking on [Upload] step. If the

sketch fails to write properly no matter

how many times you try, please remove

the Japanino from the PC and try

reinserting it.

If completed successfully, the [Done uploading] message appears.

O tona

Kagaku

To save the sketch you made...

1) In [File] [Save as] , assign a name to the sketch and save it to the

[Sketchbook] .

2) Check the save destination location, and assign a name to the

sketch.

3) Once the sketch has been saved, the [Saved] message will

appear at the bottom of the Sketch screen.

To bring up a saved sketch, open [File] [Sketchbook] , and select

the desired file from the folder.

To edit the sketchbook...

The sketchbook folder is in [My Documents] (for Mac, it is saved in

[Documents] in [Home]). To change the name or to delete the

sketchbook, edit the file in this folder.

Basic principal 2

Making other LEDs blink

Change the "13" in [int ledPin = 13;] in the sketch to "12" (the

second LED from the end of the P.O.V.). Click [Verify] to check

that the sketch will work properly. After confirming, write the

sketch to the Micro Computer board.

Basic principal 3

Changing the time of the LED

flashing

Change [delay(1000)] in the sketch to [delay(100)]. Click

[Verify] to check that the sketch will work properly. After

confirming, upload the sketch to the Micro Computer board.

Description of a Sketch Used to Make One LED Flash

Details of the sketch to be operated

The word "sketch" (program) is a microcomputer term. Even though there are a lot of grammar rules that

could apply to a sketch, IDEs are programming software applications for beginner programmers, so they are

made to be comparatively simple. However, the number of grammar rules used increases as the sketch

Sets pin D13 to an output

becomes more complex. First, "Flashing of one LED ([Blink] in the [Digital] section of the sketch example)" is

(in the first step only)

described here.

⬇

As a basic structure, this sketch has two blocks. Actually, parts enclosed in the curly brackets, { }, are the

Sketch enters a loop

blocks. The "{" indicates the start of a block, and the "}" indicates the end. The block name is written on the

⬇

line before the "{." In other words, in this sketch, lines (3) to (5) make up one block, and the "void setup()"

LED connected to pin D13 is

on line (2) is the name of that block. In the same way, lines (7) to (12) make up another block, and the "void

turned ON

loop()" on line 6 is the name of that block. These kinds of blocks are referred to as "functions." Once you

⬇

make these functions, you will be able to execute the commands in the blocks. When execution of a function

ends, the Japanino executes the next process in order after the lines for calling out the function.

Sketch waits 1 second

There are always two certain functions in any sketch. Those functions are setup() and loop(). The setup()

⬇

function writes a code that can be executed, as desired, only when the sketch first begins operating, and the

LED connected to pin D13 is

loop()function writes the central code that can be executed repeatedly. Words and numbers inside the

turned OFF

parentheses,(), are referred to as "arguments." Comments written after the "//" are written so that the person

⬇

writing the code can remember what a line is for, or so that a third party can understand what a line is for,

Sketch waits 1 second

when the code is being read later on.

⬇

Below, let's take a look at the details of the content of each line.

Sketch returns to beginning of

the loop

(1) int ledPin = 13;/ Command for

(1)

instructing the Japanino to substitute a 13 in for

(2)

the number where the word "led" comes up.

Indicates that the LED is connected to pin D13.

(3)

(4)

(2) void setup()/ Specifies that the functions

(5)

in the lines below are functions that can be

executed once only, when the power is turned

(6)

on or the Japanino is reset.

(7)

(8)

(3){/ Indicates the start of a setup() function.

(9)

(10)

(4)pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);/ pinMode()

is a function for indicating ON/OFF for pins set

(11)

to outputs. Specifies ledPin = 13 (which already

(12)

specifies in (1) that 13 should be substituted in

for "led" automatically) as an OUTPUT, because

output pins are needed to control the LED.

(5) } / Indicates the end of a setup() function.

(6) void setup() / Specifies that the functions in the lines

below are functions that can be executed repeatedly.

(7) { / Indicates the start of a loop() function.

(8) digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); / digitalWrite() is a function

for indicating ON/OFF of pins set as outputs (in a sketch, ON is a

HIGH and OFF is a LOW). In this case, 5 V of electricity flows

through the pin D13 connected to an LED, and the LED is turned

on.

How to Use the Supplement

int ledPin = 13; // LED connected to digital pin 13

void setup()

{

pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // Sets output for digital pins

}

void loop()

{

digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // Set the LED on

delay(1000); // Wait for a second

digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // Set the LED off

delay(1000);// Wait for a second

}

(9) delay(1000); / Indicates that operation of the Japanino is to

stop (is not to proceed to the following step, that is, is to

maintain the present state) only for the specified number of

milliseconds (1 millisecond is 1/1000 seconds). In this case,

because the number inside the parentheses, (), is 1000,

operation is to stop for 1 second.

(10) digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); / Turns the LED off when pin

D13 is OFF (=LOW).

(11) Same as (9).

(12) } / Indicates the end of a loop() function.