Aqua Medic Ocean Runner 3500 Посібник з експлуатації - Сторінка 8

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the nitrogen, from the food is however excreted into the water. This nitrogen is

metabolised by bacteria, living in the aerobic filter via the toxic intermediate

substances ammonium and nitrite to the less toxic nitrate. These biolochemical

reactions take place in the presence of oxygen:

The bacteria Nitrosomonas oxidises Ammonia to Nitrite, the bakterium Nitrobacter

the Nitrite to Nitrate.

Ammonium + Oxygen

-----

Nitrite + Oxygen ----> Nitrate

(Nitrosomonas)

(Nitrobacter)

In most aquaria, nitate is the end product of bacterial metabolism and accumulates in

the water.

Only higher water plants and algae are able to remove this nitrate from the aquarium

water.

What is the effect of nitrate in the aquarium?

1. Overfertilisation/Eutrophication. The aquarium is overfertilised, the algal growth

increases and cannot be controlled any more.

2. Toxic effects to the animals. Many invertebrate animals in sea water tanks are very

sensitive to higher nitrate levels.

Working principle of the Nitratereductor

In the

Nitratereductor the water is treated anaerobically. In the

absence of oxigen, many bacteria are able to use nitrate as a substitute for oxigen for

their metabolism.

2 NO 3 ------->

N 2

3 O 2

2 Nitrate -> 3 nitrogen gas + 3 oxygen

The oxygen is used for the metabolism, the nitrogen is excreted into the water.

Nitrogen gas is a natural compound of the water and total harmless.

It is however necessary to increase the metabolism of the bacteria, so that they can

reduce enough nitrate. For this reason, the nitrate removing bacteria have to be fed

with organic substances. The tablet feed Denimar contains organic substances, that

can be used by the bacteria totally. The only waste product is CO

The flow rate through the Nitratereductor is very slow. This is a main difference to

other aquarium filters, where the water is often treated once per hour or even more

often. The water in the Nitratereductor should have a retention time of 2 -4 hours. It

is however sufficient to treat it once per week. If the filter is adjusted correctly, the

water leaves the filter nearly free of nitrite and nitrate.