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In the world of capacitors, you will most commonly run into two units of

measurement - MicroFarads and PicoFarads. There is a third unit - NanoFarads. This was

a common unit 25+ years ago. It is losing popularity, but you will run into it occasionally.

The symbol for Microfarads is "µF". µ is from the Greek letter "Mµ" with the

relation coming from the Greek word 'mikrós', which means small. The 'F' is for Farad.

You will also see "uF" or "mF" as the symbol for microfarads since many text editors

don't have a proper µ. From here on out, and in all other BYOC documents, you'll see

microfarads referred to as uf.

The symbol for NanoFarad is nF, and the symbol for PicoFarad is pF. Microfarad

is the largest unit, nanofarad is the second largest, and picofarad is the smallest.

1uf = 1000nf = 1000000pf

1pf = .001nf = .000001mf

From the equations above, you can see that when converting from a larger unit to

a smaller unit, you simply move the decimal point 3 places to the right for each unit of

measurement you step down to.

When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit you simply move the decimal

point 3 places to the right for each unit of measurement you step up to.

Large value capacitors will usually be in aluminum electrolytic form, medium

values in film and small values in ceramic disc. There are other types of capacitors like

silver-mica, which is usually only associated with very small values. And tantalum

capacitors, which can cover a very broad range of values.

A very common capacitor value is 0.1uF. You will most likely see this in film

form. You will most likely see a code on the resistor that reads something like '104K´.

This is similar to 4 band resistor code. The letter at the end tells you the capacitor's

tolerance. K= 10% J= 5%. The '104´ portion of the code tells you the actual value. Even

though the capacitor is listed as 0.1 microfarad, the code is actually in picofarads. The '1'

and the '0' are taken at face value. The '4' tells us how many zeros to put on the end. So

the value of the capacitor in picofarads is 100,000pf. Or 100nf. Or 0.1uf.

With smaller values like 47pf for example, you will likely be dealing with

ceramic disc capacitors. The code on a 47pf cap would read '470´. This is 47 at face

value with 0 zeros on the end. 47 picofarads. Where as a 470pf cap would read ³471´ - 47

at face value with 1 zero on the end. 470picofarads. It can get a little confusing at times.

Larger value capacitors, particularly aluminum electrolytics are pretty

straightforward. If you have a 100uf aluminum electrolytic cap, most of the time they will

just say '100µ´ right out.

Capacitor values and codes

Capacitor codes