AB Sciex 4000 QTRAP Manual Perangkat Keras - Halaman 6
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System Overview
Qualitative Analysis of Small Molecules
This application involves MS analysis of low molecular weight (typically less than
1000 amu) compounds such as drugs and their metabolites. This is for the
purpose of identification and structural characterization of the chemical
compounds in a sample such as urine or other bodily fluid. In addition, this
general application is used when the researcher wants to know what molecular
weight species are in the sample.
The typical scan type used for this application in the 4000 QTRAP system is an
EMS (Enhanced MS) scan for intact molecular weight analysis. For more detailed
structural analysis using tandem mass spectrometry, EPI (Enhanced Product Ion)
and MS3 (MS/MS/MS) scans are performed.
Qualitative Analysis of Proteins and Peptides
This application involves determination of molecular weights and sequences of
protein and peptide samples. This is for the purposes of identification of the
compounds and structural characterization. This general application is used when
the researcher wants to know what molecular weight species and what sequences
of peptides or proteins are in the sample.
The typical scan types used for this application in the 4000 QTRAP system are
EMS (Enhanced MS) and EMC (Enhanced Multi-Charge) scans for intact
molecular weight analysis. ER (Enhanced Resolution) scans are used to obtain
higher resolution molecular weight information such as determining the charge
state of a multiply charged peptide ion. This allows for more accurate
identification of the sample using protein database searching. For more detailed
structural analysis using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), EPI (Enhanced
Product Ion) scans are performed.
How the System Works
The 4000 QTRAP
common feature of the enhanced modes is that ions are trapped in the Q3
quadrupole region and then scanned out to produce full spectrum data. Many
spectra are rapidly collected in a short period of time and are significantly more
intense than spectra collected in a comparable standard quadrupole mode of
operation.
During the collection phase, ions pass through the Q2 collision cell, where CAD
gas focuses the ions into the Q3 region. The Q3 quadrupole is operated with
only the main RF voltage applied. Ions are prevented from passing through the
Q3 quadrupole rod set and are reflected back by an exit lens to which a DC
barrier voltage is applied. After the fill time elapses (a time defined by the user, or
determined by the Dynamic Fill Time feature), a DC barrier voltage is applied to a
Q3 entrance lens (ST3). This confines the collected ions in Q3 and stops further
ions from entering. The entrance and exit lens DC voltage barriers and the RF
voltage applied to the quadrupole rods confine the ions within Q3.
During the scan out phase, the voltage on the exit lens and the auxiliary RF
voltage are ramped simultaneously with the main RF voltage for increased
resolution and sensitivity. An auxiliary AC frequency is applied to the Q3
quadrupole. The main RF voltage amplitude is ramped from low to high values,
which sequentially brings masses into resonance with the auxiliary AC frequency.
When ions are brought into resonance with the AC frequency, they acquire
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system has a number of enhanced modes of operation. A
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Document Number: D1000092200 B