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Broadband Architectures and Applications

RFC 1483/2668 and Remote Bridge Encapsulation

RFC 1483/2668 and Remote Bridge Encapsulation (RBE) are synonymous with ATM virtual circuits—they are

traditionally used by service providers that "terminate" subscriber virtual circuits at the network edge and "route"

trafﬁc into the core for Internet or VPN services. The main difference between the two protocols is in the area of IP

management. RFC 1483/2668 relies heavily on manual provisioning of addresses and routes per subscriber, while

RBE uses Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP) technology to automate the provisioning of addresses and

routes. RBE is much simpler to provision and offers far greater scalability attributes than RFC 1483/2668.

Many service providers use these protocols for business-class Internet access, particularly where cheaper DSL access

circuits are replacing leased lines. The point-to-point and "always-on" nature of these services make them ideal

candidates for such access protocols. Both protocols are used extensively throughout the broadband application

space, with an installed base of many millions of subscribers.

The subscriber experience is often deﬁned at the broadband remote access server (BRAS) by using ATM or IP-level

rate-limiting capabilities. Both ATM trafﬁc shaping and IP policing/shaping are supported on the Cisco 10000 Series

platform, offering scalable and accurate solutions for both environments (Figure 2).

Figure 2

RFC1483/2668 and RBE

The Cisco 10000 Series offers a comprehensive Cisco IOS Software feature set that has proven reliability,

interoperability, scalability, and performance for both applications. RFC 1483/2668 is also used extensively for

leased-line applications. The Cisco 10000 Series has supported this protocol for more than three years, and has

thousands of ports terminated.

Point-to-Point Protocol Termination and Aggregation

Two main types of Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) are used throughout the broadband space: PPP over ATM (PPPoA)

and PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE). PPPoE can be transported on either ATM virtual circuits (PPPoEoA) or over Ethernet

(PPPoEoE). In this section, all subscriber connections will arrive on ATM virtual circuits.

PPP has the ﬂexibility to span two broadband architectures. The PPP Termination and Aggregation (PTA) method is

typical for retail applications, and the "tunneled" method is typical for the wholesale architecture. This section will

concentrate on the PTA solution (Figure 3).

Subscriber

DSLAM

RFC 1483/2668 or RBE

ATM

Cisco Systems, Inc.

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DHCP

Cisco

10000

ATM

IP Network

Series